This study is focused on element behaviors and mineral compositions of the fault rock developed in Yongdang-ri, Yangbuk-myeon, Gyeongju City, Korea, using XRF, ICP, XRD, and EPMA/ BSE in order to better understand the chemical variations in fault rocks during the fault activity, with emphasis on dependence of chemical mobility on mineralogy across the fault zone. As one of the main components of the fault rocks, SiO 2 shows the highest content which ranges from 61.6 to 71.0%, and Al 2 O 3 is also high as having the 10.8~15.8% range. Alkali elements such as Na 2 O and K 2 O are in the range of 0.22~4.63% and 2.02~4.89%, respectively, and Fe 2 O 3 is 3.80~12.5%, indicating that there are significant variations within the fault rock. Based on the chemical characteristics in the fault rocks, it is evident that the fault gouge zone is depleted in Na 2 O, Al 2 O 3 , K 2 O, SiO 2 , CaO, Ba and Sr, whereas enriched in Fe 2 O 3 , MgO, MnO, Zr, Hf and Rb relative to the fault breccia zone. Such chemical behaviors are closely related to the difference in the mineral compositions between breccia and gouge zones because the breccia zone consists of the rock-forming minerals including quartz and feldspar, whereas the gouge zone consists of abundant clay minerals such as illite and chlorite. The alteration of the primary minerals leading to the formation of the clay minerals in the fault zone was affected by the hydrothermal fluids