Mineralogy and geochemistry of the copper-dominated neutral mine drainage at the Cu deposit Ľubietová-Podlipa (Slovakia)

Majzlan, Juraj; Števko, Martin; Chovan, Martin; Luptáková, Jarmila; Milovská, Stanislava; Milovský, Rastislav; Jeleň, Stanislav; Sýkorová, Martina; Pollok, Kilian; Göttlicher, Jörg; Kupka, Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2018.02.012

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Investigation of the underground spaces at Ľubietová-Podlipa, Slovakia (Fig. 5, Majzlan et al , 2018b), where langite currently forms, explained the basic features of this process. Langite does not crystallise directly from an aqueous solution, although it seems to be close to equilibrium with it.…”

Section: Crystallisation From Gelsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…There are several minerals in the system Cu 4 (OH) 6 SO 4 –H 2 O: Cu 4 (OH) 6 SO 4 (brochantite); Cu 4 (OH) 6 SO 4 ⋅H 2 O (posnjakite); and Cu 4 (OH) 6 SO 4 ⋅2H 2 O (langite and wroewolfeite). There are no thermodynamic data for wroewolfeite, but among the three others, langite is the least stable, by a significant margin (17.5 kJ⋅mol –1 with respect to brochantite, Alwan and Williams, 1979; Majzlan et al , 2018b). Posnjakite and brochantite can be synthesised easily and precipitate readily from aqueous solutions (e.g.…”

Section: Crystallisation From Gelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inside the mine, the gel, ~1 cm thick, is transparent and looks like blue ice because it lies on the surface of a water stream. X-ray absorption spectroscopy indicates that the local structure of this gel is langite-like (Majzlan et al , 2018b). When taken to the laboratory, this gel turns slowly to a liquid and leaves a bluish precipitate behind.…”

Section: Crystallisation From Gelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Processes of metastable-mineral formation in oxidation zones and mine waste

Majzlan

2020

MinMag

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Oxidation zones and mine wastes are metal-rich, near-surface environments, natural and man-made critical zones of ore deposits, respectively. They contain a number of minerals which, despite their metastability, occur consistently and in abundance. Field studies, presented as examples in this work, show that metastable minerals form not only directly from aqueous solutions, but also from more complex precursors, such as nanoparticles, gels, X-ray amorphous solids, or clusters. Initial precipitation of metastable phases and their conversion to stable phases is described by the Ostwald's step rule. Thermodynamic data show that there is a tendency, but no rule, that structurally more complex phases are also thermodynamically more stable. The Ostwald's step rule could then state that the initial metastable phases are structurally simple and easily assembled from aqueous solutions, nanoparticles, gels, disordered solids, or clusters. The structural similarity of the precursor and the forming phase is a kinetic factor favouring the crystallisation of the new phase. Calculation of saturation indices for mine drainage solutions show that they are mostly supersaturated with respect to the stable phases and the aqueous concentrations are sufficient to precipitate metastable minerals. In our fieldwork, we often encounter gelatinous substances with copper, manganese or tungsten that slowly convert to metastable oxysalt minerals. Another possibility is the crystallisation of various metastable minerals from solid, homogeneous ‘resins’ that are X-ray amorphous. Minerals typical for near-surface environments may be stabilised by their surface energy at high specific surface areas. For example, ferrihydrite is often described as a metastable phase but can be shown to be stable with respect to nanosised hematite.

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Section: Crystallisation From Gelsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Crystallisation From Gelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Crystallisation From Gelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Processes of metastable-mineral formation in oxidation zones and mine waste

Majzlan

2020

MinMag

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“…This applies to ore deposits occurring in carbonate rocks and the presence of toxic metals and other microelements in mine waters. Problems induced by ore mining do not stop with mine closure but continuously affect the environment for many decades (Younger 1997 ; Cidu et al 2001 ; Leblanc et al 2000 ; Aykol et al 2003 ; Cidu et al 2005 ; Cidu et al 2009 ; Frau et al 2009 ; Sracek et al 2011 , 2012 ; Majzlan et al 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selected trace elements and metals in groundwater within Permian sediments near Olkusz (Zn-Pb ore mining region, S Poland)

Postawa

Motyka

2018

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The extensive mining of Zn-Pb ores in the Olkusz region resulted in significant changes of both water table level and chemical composition of water in all aquifers in the area. This was caused by intensive dewatering of mining excavations and development of a thick aeration zone reaching 150 m in a central part of the area. That created favorable conditions for oxidation of metal sulfides occurring in the ore-bearing dolomites (Middle Triassic) and started the process of forming readily soluble hydroxysulphates which then migrated to lower aquifers, including the Permian. As a result of those processes, various metals and other elements toxic to the water environment appeared in leaks observed in mine galleries. Changes in concentrations of selected elements (Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu, Ba, Ni, Co, As, Cr, Hg, Tl, Ag, Cd, B) in mine waters over the period of the last nearly 50 years were described. Water samples were collected from exploratory boreholes, piezometers, and wells located in investigated area inflows and seepages occurring in shafts and drifts excavated in Permian conglomerates. Mean concentrations of metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Hg, Tl) and other toxic elements were surprisingly low; Pb, 3.94 μg/L; Cd, 0.2 μg/L; Cr, up to 2.26 μg/L; Hg, 0.25 μg/L; Tl, 3.59 μg/L; and As, 6.31 μg/L. However, the observed concentrations varied significantly over time, reaching respectively up to 190 μg Pb/L, 60 μg Cd/L, 15.6 μg Cr/L, 2.67 μg Hg/L, 81.3 μg Tl/L, and 155 μg As/L.

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“…near Ľubietová, Slovakia supergene minerals such as acanthite, azurite, brochantite, covellite, chalcocite, cyanotrichite, gypsum, langite, ludjibaite, mrázekite, pharmacosiderite or reichenbachite are mostly rare (Čech, Láznička 1965;Figuschová 1977;Povondra, Řídkošil 1980;Řídkošil, Povondra 1982;Hyršl 1991;Řídkošil et al 1992;Luptáková et al 2012;Milovská et al 2014;Števko et al 2017;Majzlan et al 2018). Števko et al (2016) described from the Rainer mining field also occurrence of bismutite, corkite, kintoreite and petitjeanite.…”

Section: Olivenite and Cornwallite From The Podlipa Copper Depositmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olivenite and cornwallite from the Podlipa copper deposit near Ľubietová, Slovakia

Števko¹,

Sejkora²,

Dolníček³

2021

Bull Mineral Petrolog

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An interesting occurrence of olivenite and cornwallite was recently discovered in cavities of quartz at the Podlipa copper deposit near Ľubietová, Slovakia. Olivenite occurs as olive to pale green sprays or radial aggregates consisting of individual acicular crystals up to 5 mm long. Its refined unit-cell parameters (for the monoclinic space group P21/n) are: a 8.6192(13) Å, b 8.2300(11) Å, c 5.9349(8) Å, α 90.055(12)° and V 420.99(7) Å3. Studied olivenite shows intense chemical zoning caused by strong variation of As and P contents. Most of the zones are corresponding to olivenite (with P content ranging between 0.02 to 0.39 apfu), but darker zones or domains of As-rich libethenite (with As content ranging between 0.18 to 0.24 apfu) were occasionally observed. Cornwallite forms dark green massive fillings between olivenite crystals or microcrystalline botryoidal crusts. The refined unit-cell parameters (for the monoclinic space group P21/c) of botryoidal cornwallite from the Podlipa deposit are: a 4.6112(2) Å, b 5.7698(3) Å, c 17.4167(11) Å, β 92.009(5)° and V 463.10(3) Å3. The two compositional types of cornwallite were distinguished. The first type is represented by relatively homogenous aggregates with only minor contents of P (from 0.04 to 0.22 apfu). The second type occurs as polycrystalline fillings with strong chemical zoning and has much more significant variation of As and P contents, representing solid-solution series between P-rich cornwallite (with 1.41 apfu of As and 0.59 apfu of P) and As-rich pseudomalachite (with 1.37 apfu of P and 0.63 apfu of As).

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Mineralogy and geochemistry of the copper-dominated neutral mine drainage at the Cu deposit Ľubietová-Podlipa (Slovakia)

Cited by 10 publications

References 40 publications

Processes of metastable-mineral formation in oxidation zones and mine waste

Processes of metastable-mineral formation in oxidation zones and mine waste

Selected trace elements and metals in groundwater within Permian sediments near Olkusz (Zn-Pb ore mining region, S Poland)

Olivenite and cornwallite from the Podlipa copper deposit near Ľubietová, Slovakia

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