Mineralogy, Chemical Composition, and Dissolution of Fresh Ash Eruption: New Potential Source of Nutrients

Abstract

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Evaluation of nitrogen status of agricultural soils in Java, Indonesia

“…Considerably high content of Alo + ½ Feo, an index of amorphous mineral, indicated that soils in Java are strongly influenced by volcanic materials, as shown in the case of the latest eruption of Mt. Merapi in 2010 (Anda and Sarwani, 2012). Considerably high Alo + ½ Feo values were observed for four soil samples which were collected from sites with altitudes above 551 m (all Andosols), which was consistent with the fact that Andosols are generally observed in areas with relatively high altitude under cool climate in combination with strong effect of volcanic materials.…”

Strategy to reduce fertilizer application in volcanic paddy soils: Nutrient reserves approach from parent materials

“…In Indonesia, mineralogical composition of fresh intermediate volcanic materials is dominated by colored volcanic glass (49%) followed by labradorite (26%) and augite (13%), with trace amounts of bytownite, hypersthene, hornblende, and opaque (Anda and Sarwani, 2012). In addition, total element contents consist of macronutrients in the order of Ca >> Na > K > Mg > P > S and micronutrients of Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, and Co.…”

“…The susceptibility of primary minerals in volcanic ash to chemical weathering is in the order of colored volcanic glass > non-coloredglass = olivine > plagioclase > augite > hypersthene > hornblende > ferromagnetic minerals (Shoji et al, 1974;Yamada et al, 1978). The relatively high solubility of volcanic glass is associated with its loose structure (loosely bound Si or Si-Al tetrahedra and octahedra containing Al, Fe and Mg) due to rapid cooling, resulting in many voids in which many cations (Ca, Mg, K, Na) may be present (Anda and Sarwani, 2012). It is not known whether mineralogy of Indonesian soils is similar to Japanese soils.…”

Impact of trace mineral phases on the total solute flux from andesitic volcanics

“…Experiments with fresh volcanic ash show that there is an initial rapid release of salts from the ash that reflects the dissolution of volcanic gases and aerosols that had been sorbed to the ash surfaces during the eruption (Witham et al, 2005;Jones and Gislason, 2008;Bagnato et al, 2011;Fiantis et al, 2010;Anda and Sarwani, 2012;Rango et al, 2010;Duggen et al, 2007;Frogner et al, 2001;Olsson et al, 2013) followed by a much slower release of solutes that reflects dissolution of the glass and crystalline silicate phases within the ash. A compilation of dozens of laboratory studies for rocks, minerals and glasses has shown that solid phases with intermediate or andesitic composition dissolve at an order of magnitude slower than those with basaltic composition (WolffBoenisch et al, 2006).…”