Mineralogy, geochemistry and fluid evolution of a fossil hydrothermal system in the Paleogene Mendejin volcanic sequence, East Azarbaijan, Iran

Somarin, Alireza Karimzadeh; Lentz, David R.

doi:10.1007/s00710-008-0008-3

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The possibility of finding fluoro-edenite sources similar to those seen in Biancavilla, Italy that have been associated with mesotheliomas has not been excluded [74]. Various copper skarns in Iran contain tremolite and actinolite [75,76]…”

Section: Natural Asbestos Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kandovan the next ‘Capadoccia’? – A potential public health issue for erionite related mesothelioma risk

Ilgren

Kazemain

Hoskins

2022

ebph

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Background:The Kandovan region in Iran is physically and geologically similar to the Cappadocian region in Turkey where fibrous zeolites, including erionite, have been found in volcanic tuffs. In some Cappodocian villages there is strong evidence that erionite, and possibly related minerals, are responsible for the high level of mesothelioma found there. So, although mesothelioma clusters have not been reported in Kandovan, it is a plausible hypothesis that many cases of mesothelioma in Iran may be due to naturally occurring fibrous zeolites.Methods: A detailed study of Iranian geology was made to determine similarities between the Kandovan region and Cappadocia, ‘inter-mountain zones’ in the Western US and Mexico. Areas where mesothelioma cases probably attributable to erionite exposure have been found. Results:Although there is a long history of asbestos use in Iran many cases of mesothelioma do not present with positive asbestos exposure histories. Since fibrous zeolites are so widespread, why have not more mesotheliomas attributable to them been found throughout Iran? Various possible reasons were explored including misdiagnosis, poor surveillance, a general lack of awareness that this tumor may be linked to mineral fibre exposure. There is also the analytical problem of identifying fibrous erionite in lung tissue.Conclusions:There is every reason to believe mesotheliomas due to fibrous zeolite including erionite will be found in Iran. The most likely places to find them are the villages that look very similar to those found in Cappadocia since these are based upon similar geological formations.

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Section: Natural Asbestos Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kandovan the next ‘Capadoccia’? – A potential public health issue for erionite related mesothelioma risk

Ilgren

Kazemain

Hoskins

2022

ebph

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“…At Tikmeh Dash, *100 km south of Mazraeh, an Oligocene gabbrodioritic pluton intruded into Eocene calcitebearing altered volcanic and volcanoclastic rocks resulting in the formation of a subeconomic Fe-Mn skarn deposit (Karimzadeh Somarin and Moayyed 2002;Karimzadeh Somarin 2004b). Subeconomic epithermal mineralization resulted from the intrusion of the Mendejin granitic pluton, *150 km SE of Mazraeh, into the Eocene-Oligocene mafic to felsic volcanic rocks (Karimzadeh Somarin and Lentz 2008).…”

Section: Regional Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Garnetization as a ground preparation process for copper mineralization: evidence from the Mazraeh skarn deposit, Iran

Somarin

2008

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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The Mazraeh Cu-Fe skarn deposit, NW Iran is the result of the intrusion of an Oligocene-Miocene granitic pluton into Cretaceous calcareous rocks. The pluton ranges in composition from monzonite to quartz monzonite, monzogranite, tonalite and granodiorite with I-type, calcalkaline, and weakly peraluminous characteristics. The Mazraeh pluton was emplaced in a volcanic arc setting in an active continental margin at a depth of *8 km. Pyroxene skarn, garnet skarn, and epidote skarn zones were formed during the intrusive phase. The garnet skarn developed as exoskarn and endoskarn from the calcareous wall rocks and the pluton, respectively, prior to mineralization. Garnet skarn from the exoskarn zone is identified by relict layering inherited from the precursor calcareous lithologies. Mass balance calculation of garnet skarn in the endoskarn zone indicates that hydrothermal fluids originating from the cooling magma introduced Si,

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“…Previous studies have indicated that the effects of the volcanic environment, lithofacies, reservoir physical properties, and diagenesis on volcaniclastic rocks are crucial [24]. Shimizu (2021) and Somarin and Lentz (2008) showed that the formation of new minerals via alteration can provide information regarding the diagenetic environment. For example, quartz, pyrite, epidote, chlorite, and calcite often occur in low-temperature hydrothermal systems [26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shimizu (2021) and Somarin and Lentz (2008) showed that the formation of new minerals via alteration can provide information regarding the diagenetic environment. For example, quartz, pyrite, epidote, chlorite, and calcite often occur in low-temperature hydrothermal systems [26,27]. However, it is often difficult to determine the lithology of the protolith due to strong metasomatic alteration, which further affects the analysis of its genetic mechanism [7,[28][29][30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of Pseudomorph Scapolite and Diagenetic Indication from the Permian Volcaniclastic Rocks in Western Sichuan (SW China)

Liu,

Li,

Tan

et al. 2024

Minerals

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Volcaniclastic rocks are important unconventional oil and gas reservoirs from which it is difficult to determine the protolith due to strong metasomatic alteration. Intensive alteration has occurred in much of western China, but few robustly documented examples are known from which to assess the alteration processes. Further recognition from the petrological and mineralogical record is essential to quantify the diagenetic environment, the degree of alteration, and its impacts. Permian volcanic rocks are widely developed in the western Sichuan Basin (southwestern China), with a thickness of more than 200 m. The thickness of volcaniclastic rocks in the Permian Emeishan Basalt Formation is up to 140 m, with a 5600~6000 m burial depth. In this study, we demonstrate an approach to recognizing hydrothermal alteration by the occurrence of scapolite megacryst mineral pseudomorphs (SMMPs) in Permian volcaniclastic rocks in the Sichuan Basin (southwestern China). The results show that SMMPs in the Permian volcaniclastic rocks in the western Sichuan Basin mainly occur in the lower part of the Permian basalts as intragranular minerals and rock inclusions. Scapolite is transformed into quartz and albite, and only the pseudomorph is preserved, indicating secondary hydrothermal fluid metasomatic alteration. Scapolite is formed after microcrystalline titanite and is the product of the high-temperature pneumatolytic metasomatism of plagioclase from the mafic protolith during the post-magmatic stage. The mixing of meteoric water and barium-rich hydrothermal fluid leads to the precipitation of barite; additionally, the pores are filled with barite and halite after the alteration of scapolite. The silicification and hydrothermal dissolution of scapolite and the albitization of sodium-rich matrix minerals increase the pore volume, which is conducive to the later recharge by hydrothermal fluids. The discovery of SMMPs can serve as an indicator of the high-temperature pneumatolytic metasomatism and mixing of meteoric water and deep hydrothermal fluid.

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Mineralogy, geochemistry and fluid evolution of a fossil hydrothermal system in the Paleogene Mendejin volcanic sequence, East Azarbaijan, Iran

Cited by 7 publications

References 39 publications

Kandovan the next ‘Capadoccia’? – A potential public health issue for erionite related mesothelioma risk

Kandovan the next ‘Capadoccia’? – A potential public health issue for erionite related mesothelioma risk

Garnetization as a ground preparation process for copper mineralization: evidence from the Mazraeh skarn deposit, Iran

Discovery of Pseudomorph Scapolite and Diagenetic Indication from the Permian Volcaniclastic Rocks in Western Sichuan (SW China)

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