Mini-Review: Enteric glial regulation of the gastrointestinal epithelium

Prochera, Aleksandra; Rao, Meenakshi

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137215

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Its neurons are responsible for regulating the secretion of digestive juices and enzymes, controlling the blood flow to the digestive organs, and transmitting signals to the myenteric plexus and the CNS about the state of the digestive system. Most recently, it was revealed that enteric glia, located along nerve fibers in the gut mucosa, influences several important features of the gut epithelium, including barrier integrity, ion transport, and capacity for self-renewal [62]. Moreover, enteric glia also interacts with the endocrine and immune cells within the intestinal wall to maintain general homeostasis [63].…”

Section: Digestive System Innervation-enteric Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Heavy Metal Lead with Gut Microbiota: Implications for Autism Spectrum Disorder

Tizabi,

Bennani,

El Kouhen

et al. 2023

Biomolecules

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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent deficits in social interaction and communication, manifests in early childhood and is followed by restricted and stereotyped behaviors, interests, or activities in adolescence and adulthood (DSM-V). Although genetics and environmental factors have been implicated, the exact causes of ASD have yet to be fully characterized. New evidence suggests that dysbiosis or perturbation in gut microbiota (GM) and exposure to lead (Pb) may play important roles in ASD etiology. Pb is a toxic heavy metal that has been linked to a wide range of negative health outcomes, including anemia, encephalopathy, gastroenteric diseases, and, more importantly, cognitive and behavioral problems inherent to ASD. Pb exposure can disrupt GM, which is essential for maintaining overall health. GM, consisting of trillions of microorganisms, has been shown to play a crucial role in the development of various physiological and psychological functions. GM interacts with the brain in a bidirectional manner referred to as the “Gut–Brain Axis (GBA)”. In this review, following a general overview of ASD and GM, the interaction of Pb with GM in the context of ASD is emphasized. The potential exploitation of this interaction for therapeutic purposes is also touched upon.

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Section: Digestive System Innervation-enteric Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Heavy Metal Lead with Gut Microbiota: Implications for Autism Spectrum Disorder

Tizabi,

Bennani,

El Kouhen

et al. 2023

Biomolecules

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“…However, this has not been tested during inflammation or PD models, which provoke enteric glia reactivity and epithelial modifications in the gut barrier, as previously mentioned. The glial network of the mucosa closely regulates the intestinal epithelium, mainly in pathological conditions (Cheadle et al, 2014;Langness et al, 2017;Grubišić et al, 2022;Prochera and Rao, 2023), and in vitro studies demonstrate the glioprotective capacity on the intestinal epithelium via glia-derived s-nitrosoglutathione against acute exposure to bacterial pathogens (Flamant et al, 2011). S-nitrosoglutathione is a modulator of barrier function, mainly during inflammation, reinforcing tight junction function and integrity (Savidge et al, 2007;Flamant et al, 2011).…”

Section: Enteric Glia As a Sensor Of The Gut Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Enteric glia as a player of gut-brain interactions during Parkinson’s disease

Thomasi,

Valdetaro,

Ricciardi

et al. 2023

Front. Neurosci.

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The enteric glia has been shown as a potential component of neuroimmune interactions that signal in the gut-brain axis during Parkinson’s disease (PD). Enteric glia are a peripheral glial type found in the enteric nervous system (ENS) that, associated with enteric neurons, command various gastrointestinal (GI) functions. They are a unique cell type, with distinct phenotypes and distribution in the gut layers, which establish relevant neuroimmune modulation and regulate neuronal function. Comprehension of enteric glial roles during prodromal and symptomatic phases of PD should be a priority in neurogastroenterology research, as the reactive enteric glial profile, gastrointestinal dysfunction, and colonic inflammation have been verified during the prodromal phase of PD—a moment that may be interesting for interventions. In this review, we explore the mechanisms that should govern enteric glial signaling through the gut-brain axis to understand pathological events and verify the possible windows and pathways for therapeutic intervention. Enteric glia directly modulate several functional aspects of the intestine, such as motility, visceral sensory signaling, and immune polarization, key GI processes found deregulated in patients with PD. The search for glial biomarkers, the investigation of temporal–spatial events involving glial reactivity/signaling, and the proposal of enteric glia-based therapies are clearly demanded for innovative and intestine-related management of PD.

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“…Its neurons are responsible for regulating the secretion of digestive juices and enzymes, controlling the blood flow to the digestive organs, and transmitting signals to the myenteric plexus and the CNS about the state of the digestive system. Most recently, it was revealed that enteric glia, located along nerve fibers in the gut mucosa, influence several important features of the gut epithelium including barrier integrity, ion transport and capacity for self-renewal [54]. Moreover, enteric glia also interacts with the endocrine and immune cells within the intestinal wall to maintain general homeostasis [55].…”

Section: Digestive System Innervation -Enteric Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Heavy Metal Lead with Gut Microbiota: Implications for Autism Spectrum Disorder

Tizabi¹,

Bennani²,

Kouhen³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent deficits in social interaction and social communication manifests in early childhood and is followed by significant impairment in social and occupational functions in adolescence and adulthood. Although genetics have been implicated, the exact causes of ASD have yet to be fully characterized. New evidence suggests that dysbiosis or perturbation in gut microbiota (GM) and exposure to lead (Pb) may play important roles in ASD etiology. Pb is a toxic heavy metal that has been linked to a wide range of negative health outcomes including anemia, encephalopathy, gastroenteric diseases and more importantly cognitive and behavioral problems inherent to ASD. Pb exposure can disrupt GM, which is essential for maintaining overall health. GM, consisting of trillions of microorganisms, has been shown to play a crucial role in the development of various physiological and psychological functions. GM interacts with the brain in a bidirectional manner referred to as “Gut-Brain Axis (GBA).” In this review, following a general overview of ASD and GM, the interaction of Pb with GM in the context of ASD is emphasized. Potential exploitation of this interaction for therapeutic purposes is also touched upon.

show abstract

Mini-Review: Enteric glial regulation of the gastrointestinal epithelium

Cited by 16 publications

References 48 publications

Interaction of Heavy Metal Lead with Gut Microbiota: Implications for Autism Spectrum Disorder

Interaction of Heavy Metal Lead with Gut Microbiota: Implications for Autism Spectrum Disorder

Enteric glia as a player of gut-brain interactions during Parkinson’s disease

Interaction of Heavy Metal Lead with Gut Microbiota: Implications for Autism Spectrum Disorder

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