Miniature active elements for color-center lasers with an extremely low lasing threshold

Abstract

Room-temperature co-adsorption of Cs and O2 on Mo(100) is studied by ELS, UPS and work function changes. We use a constant amount of caesium (4.3 x lOI4 atoms cm-') which corresponds to a monolayer on clean Mo(100).The loss peak at 1.65 eV observed for the Cs monolayer disappears for an oxygen exposure 2 of 0.28 L (Langmuir) and is replaced by a loss peak at 1.2 eV. Both losses are attributed to interband transitions.Above 2 L several 0 2 p states are observed in UPS, indicating that 0 is bonded to the substrate and to the Cs. These spectradiffersignificantlyfrom thoseobtained forcsdeposited on an MO surface with various oxygen coverages.The differences observed with respect to Cs on Cu(ll1) are attributed to a substrate effect.

Collective acceleration of ions in picosecond pinched electron beams

“…The full charge of the electron beam in the pulse is measured with the help of a Faraday cap and is 10 −6 C. The electron energy in the beam is evaluated from the depth of the stable colored layer in LiF crystals [14] and is 280 keV.…”