Miniaturized Arbitrary Phase-Difference Couplers for Arbitrary Coupling Coefficients

Wu, Yongle; Shen, Junyang; Liu, Yuanan; Leung, S.W.; Xue, Quan

doi:10.1109/tmtt.2013.2259501

Cited by 55 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The first step is to design the asymmetric branch line section. Given the phase difference φ and the coupling level C , then the detailed circuit parameters can be obtained by using the following equations

Z_{1} = Z_{0} \frac{\sqrt{1 - C^{2}}}{C} \sin φ

Z_{2} = Z_{0} \sin φ \sqrt{\frac{1 - C^{2}}{C^{2} + true(1 - C^{2} true) {true(\sin φ true)}^{2}}}

Z_{3} = Z_{2}

{normalθ}_{1} = \frac{normalπ}{2}

{normalθ}_{2} = \cos^{- 1} true(- \sqrt{1 - C^{2}} \cos φ true)

{normalθ}_{3} = π - {normalθ}_{2}

…”

Section: Design Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A wideband 3 decibels arbitrary phase difference branch line coupler

Gao

Zheng

2018

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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A wideband 3 dB branch line coupler with arbitrary phase difference between output ports is proposed. The wideband properties in both amplitude and phase are achieved by utilizing λ/4 coupled line sections. By designing different even and odd impedance of the coupled line matched in different ports, small phase imbalance can be achieved. For validation, two 3 dB couplers with different phase differences (60° and 120°) were designed and fabricated. They were measured to exhibit wide bandwidths of 40.2% and 44.6%, respectively.

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Z_{1} = Z_{0} \frac{\sqrt{1 - C^{2}}}{C} \sin φ

Z_{2} = Z_{0} \sin φ \sqrt{\frac{1 - C^{2}}{C^{2} + true(1 - C^{2} true) {true(\sin φ true)}^{2}}}

Z_{3} = Z_{2}

{normalθ}_{1} = \frac{normalπ}{2}

{normalθ}_{2} = \cos^{- 1} true(- \sqrt{1 - C^{2}} \cos φ true)

{normalθ}_{3} = π - {normalθ}_{2}

…”

Section: Design Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But this will result in unavoidable large insertion loss and circuit size. Thus, the coupler structure which can provide arbitrary phase difference quickly draws attentions of researchers . However, all these couplers only achieve a bandwidth narrow than 20%, which limits their applications in broadband systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A wideband 3 decibels arbitrary phase difference branch line coupler

Gao

Zheng

2018

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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“…By inspection of (13) and (14), when the power ratio is large at a frequency, the impedance will increase accordingly and or will approach , typically 50 . As a consequence, by (20), the host line impedance in the network is usually higher than the counterpart or . This inference can be validated from the diagrams in Fig.…”

Section: Examples and Design Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the phase difference concerned herein [19] only ranges from 0 to 90 for the same port excitation, which, in reality, can be extended to an arbitrary value between 0 -360 and will be considered in this presented work. Similarly, the coupler structure in [20] fails to discuss the feasibility of any phase difference other than the value between 0 -90 . In addition, in order to realize arbitrary phase differences, a patterned ground plane is needed in the circular sector patch coupler where a systematic design approach is not available [21].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Dual-Band Coupler With Arbitrary Power Division Ratios and Phase Differences

Chi

2014

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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This paper presents, for the first time, a directional coupler that allows for arbitrary power division ratios as well as arbitrary phase differences at dual frequencies of interest. Explicit design equations in terms of dual-band power-dividing ratios and phase differences will be given here and were derived based on the even-and odd-mode decomposition analysis. To illustrate the design procedure, examples will be provided and the relevant studies on the coupler's electrical parameters for a wide range of dualband specifications and frequency ratios were conducted, by which the graphical solutions can be readily used as the further design tool. In addition, the resulting operational bandwidths are included and discussed for completeness. To validate our idea, four coupler prototypes were carried out according to the given guidelines. Excellent agreement is obtained between the measured and fullwave calculated results. The functional versatility of the proposed simple structure is well suited to applications in dual-band integrated modules, such as the beam-forming networks, for both loss and size reduction.Index Terms-Arbitrary phase differences, arbitrary power division ratios, directional coupler, dual bands.

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“…For example, a 45° coupler was utilized to construct a Butler Matrix with a compact size . Regard this issue, several coupler configurations have been proposed to provide nonstandard phase characteristics . However, all these arbitrary phase difference coupler configurations can only provide fixed phase difference.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A phase tunable hybrid coupler with enhanced bandwidth

Zheng

Long

2019

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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The majority of the previous works on tunable coupler concentrates on the tunability of the frequency and amplitude. The capability to control the phase characteristics draws little attention. However, the tunability in phase becomes more and more important, as the flexible control in phase affects the performance significantly in the modern wireless communication systems. Regarding this, several phase tunable couplers were proposed but with narrow bandwidth. In this article, a novel phase‐tunable coupler with enhanced bandwidth is proposed. It is constructed by introducing two varactor loaded coupled line sections between two branch line sections. By varying the capacitances loaded on and between the coupled lines, the continuously tunable phase difference can be achieved between two output ports without affecting the equal power division characteristics. The analysis of the ideal model and detailed circuit has been conducted to obtain the design formulas and guidelines. For demonstration, a phase tunable coupler operating at 1.8 GHz was designed, fabricated, and measured. It exhibits a tunable phase difference from 60° to 120° by varying the two biasing voltages. Meanwhile, the equal power division, good return loss, and high isolation are still maintained. The desired characteristics have been implemented over a wide bandwidth from 1.6 GHz to 2.0 GHz.

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Miniaturized Arbitrary Phase-Difference Couplers for Arbitrary Coupling Coefficients

Cited by 55 publications

References 20 publications

A wideband 3 decibels arbitrary phase difference branch line coupler

A wideband 3 decibels arbitrary phase difference branch line coupler

Design of Dual-Band Coupler With Arbitrary Power Division Ratios and Phase Differences

A phase tunable hybrid coupler with enhanced bandwidth

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