Miniaturized Beam Reconfigurable Reflectarray Antenna With Wide 3-D Beam Coverage

Nam, In‐Joong; Lee, Seokmin; Kim, Dongho

doi:10.1109/tap.2021.3083732

Cited by 26 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…However, it requires phase shifters to control the phase, which are expensive and suffer from high energy losses. Reflect-array or transmit-array antennas can achieve continuous beam steering [13] - [17]. However, they consist of many unit cells, which increases the complexity of the structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Beam Steering Realized by Tunable Ground in a Patch Antenna

Zhou

Alkaraki

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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A continuously steerable patch antenna employing liquid metal is presented. The proposed antenna employs a novel tunable ground plane together with parasitic steering to steer the direction of the main beam. The tunable ground plane consists of a permanent region, made from copper, and two tunable regions formed from liquid metal. The liquid metal channels were fabricated using 3D printing technology. By continuously injecting liquid metal into channels, the proposed patch antenna can provide continuous beam steering from -30 to +30 in the elevation plane, while achieving low side lobe level performance combined with low scan loss performance. Such an approach has never been tried before and it is only possible due to the unique properties of liquid metal. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first time that tunable ground plane has been used for a patch antenna to achieve continuous beam steering. The proposed antenna operates at 5.3 GHz. The antenna is fabricated and measured. Measurement results agree well with the simulation results and validate the effectiveness of the proposed beam steering technique. The proposed antenna has a measured gain of 8.1 dBi at 5.3 GHz and wide bandwidth performance. The tunable ground technique proposed in this work will find numerous applications within future wireless communications systems.INDEX TERMS 3D printing, beam scanning, continuous beam steering, liquid metal, microstrip patch antenna, pattern reconfiguration, wide scan angle.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Beam Steering Realized by Tunable Ground in a Patch Antenna

Zhou

Alkaraki

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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“…Antenna array and multi-beam antennas are widely used in the wireless communications field where 5G base stations are integrated with multiple antennas that would be compatible for high capacity, high gain, and high efficiency [1]- [3]. Specifically, antenna array and multi-beam antennas increase the capacity The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Yang Yang . and cover a broader range of locations, which leads to improving the whole base station systems [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, at this frequency of 3.5 GHz, the antenna array is quite big and inflexible. Therefore, Metamaterial structures are proposed for having a compact, miniaturized wideband antenna, reshaping radiation patterns and steering multiple beams [4]- [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Beam-Split Metasurface Antenna for 5G Applications

et al. 2022

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This article presents a hybrid metasurface split beam antenna for fifth-generation (5G) mobile applications at 3.5 GHz. Multi-beam antennas with high directivity are required for a 5G mobile network. It can be achieved by having an array antenna. Using an antenna array at low frequency increases the complexity and size of the whole network. Therefore, a metasurface (MS) is proposed to direct surface current and to have high gain and multibeam properties. To achieve that, a square split ring resonator (SSRR) and U-shaped unit cell metasurface is implemented as a superstrate to a single square patch antenna. The manipulation of this hybrid metasurface configuration can create opposite current flow on the unit cell and thus split the beam. The hybrid metasurface superstrate and antenna are fabricated on FR-4 (εr = 4.4, tanδ = 0.02). Results show that the antenna resonates well at 3.5 GHz, with a less than −10 dB reflection coefficient. The arrangement of the unit cells on the superstrate metasurface is able to split the current, and thus the radiation pattern beam is split into two beams in the E-plane at ± 45 • . This antenna is a good candidate for future 5G Pico cell base stations in urban or suburban areas with high capacity and interferences.

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“…Therefore, current research is focusing on developing compact/deployable beam-scanning HGAs for space applications [4]- [6]. The proposed solutions are generally based on traditional HGA technologies, such as, parabolic reflector antennas [7]- [9], phased array antennas [10]- [13], and reflectarray antennas (RAs) [14]- [18]. Compared to the parabolic reflector and phased array antennas, RAs provide highly directive and versatile beams while maintaining low mass, low fabrication cost, and low complexity [19], [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mechanically Rollable Reflectarray With Beam-Scanning Capabilities

Rubio

Kaddour

Georgakopoulos

2022

IEEE Open J. Antennas Propag.

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A novel 1-D beam-steerable reflectarray antenna (RA) is proposed for the K u -band. The RA aperture consists of 24×48 variable size square patch elements printed on a flexible plastic substrate. The aperture is wrapped around two cylinders to create a 12λ×12λ illumination window at the operating frequency of 14 GHz. Beam-steering is achieved by mechanically rolling the aperture. To mitigate antenna pattern degradation, an aperture phase distribution optimization technique is presented. The performance of this RA system is studied analytically using array theory. The effects of aperture size and unit-cell size are also discussed. The performance of the proposed RA is validated using simulations and measurements. The results illustrate that our design achieves 1-D beam-steering from -21 • to +21 • in the elevation plane while maintaining towards the broadside direction a maximum realized gain of 25.1 dBi. In this beamscanning range, the gain variation is less than 1.5 dB, beamwidth variation is less than 1.6 • , and the side lobe level is maintained below -15 dB. In summary, the main advantage of our design is its ability to steer its high gain beam without using complicated feed networks or complex mechanical systems. Such antennas are especially needed in SmallSat and space applications.

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Miniaturized Beam Reconfigurable Reflectarray Antenna With Wide 3-D Beam Coverage

Cited by 26 publications

References 29 publications

Continuous Beam Steering Realized by Tunable Ground in a Patch Antenna

Continuous Beam Steering Realized by Tunable Ground in a Patch Antenna

A Beam-Split Metasurface Antenna for 5G Applications

A Mechanically Rollable Reflectarray With Beam-Scanning Capabilities

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