Miniaturized E5a/E1 Antenna Array for Robust GNSS Navigation

Caizzone, Stefano

doi:10.1109/lawp.2016.2585353

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Moreover, the maximum total efficiency is achieved at f c with a value of −0.5 dB, and also keeps above −1 dB within a range of 20 MHz, being the array more than adequate for the GPS signal bandwidth requirements. It is important to remark that the total efficiency achieved by this AA example is higher than many recently proposed compact designs . The main reason is that these array designs are intended to reduce reflected power at the expense of creating a lossy structure by, for example, employing high dielectric permittivity, fences, resonant structures, or decoupling and matching networks, which actually creates an inefficient array system.…”

Section: Efficient Compact Microstrip Aamentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In particular, in future developments polarization purity will be addressed. However, even in the case that the proposed compact array is just an example of the proposed design method, it is already much more efficient than traditional arrays that tries to force the common RP rule by design as inter‐element distance decreases …”

Section: Efficient Compact Microstrip Aamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays miniaturization is also an essential requirement, therefore small arrays using a reduced number of antennas are highly desired . However, in such arrays the influence of mutual coupling and electromagnetic diffraction (MCED) is unavoidable .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, we present a simulated example of microstrip antennas forming a compact array that can behave similar to a

\frac{λ}{2}

‐spaced AA whose elements have a common RP. It is worth mentioning that the designed array performs efficiently without needing any additional absorber material, resonant structure, fences, or any decoupling and matching network stages . The proposed method intends to turn many efficient coupled AA designs workable with classic phased array techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays miniaturization is also an essential requirement, therefore small arrays using a reduced number of antennas are highly desired. [3][4][5] However, in such arrays the influence of mutual coupling and electromagnetic diffraction (MCED) is unavoidable. 6 These phenomena have several effects in terms of efficiency and final response of individual RPs, both strongly related to each other.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Orthonormal method for compact Global Navigation Satellite Systems antenna array designs

Marranghelli

Valle

Roncagliolo

2019

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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Compact antenna arrays require special considerations at design time not to degrade its efficiency and also the spatial diversity becomes reduced in terms of phase resolution as distance diminishes. Additionally, element radiation patterns are affected and the objective of equally behaved antennas is even more difficult to achieve. However, the induced antenna gain differences can actually be helpful because they can be used to maintain the degrees of freedom in array radiation pattern subspace. In this article, a general analysis on the relationship of efficiency and beam patterns are reviewed to prove that maximum efficiency is achieved when radiation patterns fulfill a given orthogonality condition. Under this condition, we propose to apply a unitary matrix transformation to the array response that can translate the compact antenna array behavior into the equivalent response of a λ2‐spaced ideal antenna array without modifying its total efficiency. Consequently, an useful compact antenna array should be designed to have orthogonal radiation beams. Then, applying the transformation, they can be translated to another orthogonal radiation patterns set with only phase differences and a common gain pattern. Simulated results of a computer‐aided design of a practical array of Global Navigation Satellite Systems microstrip antennas are presented.

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Section: Efficient Compact Microstrip Aamentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Efficient Compact Microstrip Aamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, we present a simulated example of microstrip antennas forming a compact array that can behave similar to a

\frac{λ}{2}

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Orthonormal method for compact Global Navigation Satellite Systems antenna array designs

Marranghelli

Valle

Roncagliolo

2019

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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A compact dual‐band dual‐mode antenna for GPS L1/L2 adaptive interference cancellation

Rezazadeh

Shafai

2019

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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A dual‐band dual‐mode microstrip antenna design is presented, with the application of adaptive interference cancellation in global positioning system at the L1 and L2 bands. The antenna consists of two stacked TM11 rings and two stacked TM21 shorted rings all fed by coaxial probes. By properly combining the two modes and utilizing both polarization components of each mode, up to three nulls can be steered at each frequency band to cancel interferers close to horizon. The concentric structure of the radiating patches in the proposed design allows for a compact antenna, which for a substrate of dielectric constant of 10 is only 0.33 λ in diameter at its lowest frequency of operation and can be further miniaturized on a higher dielectric constant substrate.

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A Review on Different Techniques of Mutual Coupling Reduction Between Elements of Any MIMO Antenna. Part 1: DGSs and Parasitic Structures

et al. 2021

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With the advancement in the high data rates wireless transmission, the demand for high channel capacity planar antennas, especially for handheld devices, has shown a significant market. Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) antennas can fulfill the top requirement. MIMO antenna helps in increasing data throughput and link coverage without sacrificing additional bandwidth or increased transmit power (Kumar et al., 2018a, 2018b). The MIMO antenna's other advantages are: high data throughput and link range without additional spectrum requirement, increased transmit power, spatial diversity and pattern diversity, and less signal dropout (Kumar et al., 2019a). In MIMO, multiple antennas radiate simultaneously and act as a transmitter or receiver depending upon its purpose. Multiple antennas placed on a single substrate sharing at least one standard radiating frequency will be considered an MIMO antenna. The MIMO antenna should have a common ground, easing the integration with monolithic integrated circuits (ICs) (Kumar et al., 2020a). However, sometimes the MIMO antenna does not have a common ground plane, but such cases should be avoided for better integration purposes and standard voltage levels. MIMO antenna should be more compact to have a reduced form factor. The MIMO antenna's compactness is another primary concern when multiple antennas are placed on a single substrate. If the antenna element spacing is less than the λ 0 /2, i.e., half of the free-space wavelength, then the antenna suffers from the surface wave and the space wave coupling effect between the antenna elements (Dama et al., 2011). For that reason, as the compactness increases, the chances of MC effect increase, resulting in degradation in the MIMO antenna performance due to power losses in a rich scattering environment. Therefore, an effective isolation technique is a must in the design of a compact MIMO antenna. Besides this, pattern and spatial diversity

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Miniaturized E5a/E1 Antenna Array for Robust GNSS Navigation

Cited by 18 publications

References 10 publications

Orthonormal method for compact Global Navigation Satellite Systems antenna array designs

Orthonormal method for compact Global Navigation Satellite Systems antenna array designs

A compact dual‐band dual‐mode antenna for GPS L1/L2 adaptive interference cancellation

A Review on Different Techniques of Mutual Coupling Reduction Between Elements of Any MIMO Antenna. Part 1: DGSs and Parasitic Structures

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