Miniaturized SIW Multibeam Antenna Array Fed by Dual-Layer 8 × 8 Butler Matrix

Zhong, Linlin; Ban, Yong‐Ling; Lian, Ji-Wei; Yang, Qingling; Guo, Jinhong; Yu, Zhe-Feng

doi:10.1109/lawp.2017.2758373

Cited by 96 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The design and implementation of an 8 × 8 BM may be a more challenging task because it is a more complicated network than the 4 × 4 BM and it involves more crossovers [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. The dual-layer and the SIW technology have been adopted in order to decrease the complexity and reduce the size of a 4 × 8 BM [14], as well as an 8 × 8 BM [15]. A back-to-back, bilayer, microstrip configuration [16] and a three-layer configuration which incorporates one four-way differential phase shifter [17] have been applied in an attempt to avoid crossovers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Implementation of Single-Layer 4 × 4 and 8 × 8 Butler Matrices for Multibeam Antenna Arrays

Adamidis

Vardiambasis

Ioannidou

et al. 2019

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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Single-layer 4 × 4 and 8 × 8 Butler matrices (BMs) that operate in the L and S bands are implemented in this paper. Easy-to-fabricate microstrip layout topologies are designed and constructed; the final arrangement of the BMs allows realization without any crossovers. The performance of the networks is evaluated by measuring their frequency response. The return loss (RL) and the isolation are below -15 dB over the operation bandwidth for all structures, whereas the average insertion loss is less than 1 dB for the 4 × 4 BM and does not exceed 3 dB for the 8 × 8 BM. The amplitude imbalance is at most 0.5 dB and 1.5 dB, for the 4 × 4 and the 8 × 8 BMs, respectively. Moreover, multibeam antenna arrays fed by the BMs are constructed. The radiation patterns are measured and compared with theoretical data; a good agreement is achieved. The side lobes are sufficiently low, compared to the theoretical predictions, whereas they are further reduced by applying appropriate excitation schemes to the input ports of the BMs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Implementation of Single-Layer 4 × 4 and 8 × 8 Butler Matrices for Multibeam Antenna Arrays

Adamidis

Vardiambasis

Ioannidou

et al. 2019

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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show abstract

“…These layers were connected via through-holes and the results showed an insertion loss and a phase error of 2.5 dB and ±15 • , respectively. In [25], a multibeam array antenna was fed by an 8 ×8 Butler matrix based on a dual layer substrate integrated waveguide from 28 GHz to 31 GHz. The proposed Butler matrix consisted of an additional four quadrature hybrids as compared to the conventional configuration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and characterization of a compact single-layer multibeam array antennausing an 8×8 Butler matrix for 5G base station applications

Idrus¹,

Latef²,

Aridas³

et al. 2020

Turk J Elec Eng & Comp Sci

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A multibeam array antenna employing a Butler matrix is a promising solution for fifth generation (5G) base stations. Due to inaccurate phase differences between output ports in the Butler matrix, the radiation characteristics could show incorrect main beam directions. In addition, the literature has also reported the issue of high amplitude imbalance in the Butler matrix. This paper presents a single-layer multibeam array antenna fed by an 8 × 8 Butler matrix operating at 28 GHz for 5G base station applications-a more cost-effective solution for large-scale production.The Butler matrix consists of twelve quadrature hybrids, sixteen crossovers, and eight phase shifters. This circuit was integrated with eight antenna elements at the output ports of the Butler matrix. The proposed multibeam array antenna was fabricated using a low dielectric constant and a low loss tangent substrate. The dimensions of the multibeam array antenna were 88 × 106 × 0.254 mm 3 . The Butler matrix achieved low insertion losses and low phase error with average values of 2.5 dB and less than ±10 • at 28 GHz, respectively. The measured return losses were less than −10 dB at 28 GHz. The measured radiation patterns were obtained and eight main beams were pointed at ±6 • , ±18 • , ±30 • , and ±44 • with measured gains between 9 dBi and 14 dBi.

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“…As one of well-known beam-forming network, Butler matrix is a passive element with N input ports and can divide an input signal into N output ports [5], [6]. The low power loss and the simplicity in structure of the Butler matrix guarantee its prevalence in design of multiple-beam antenna [7][8][9][10][11][12]. However, the number of input/output ports of conventional Butler matrix is equal to 2 m (m represents a positive integer) [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1. Several methods have been proposed to improve the Butler matrix for better signal coverage [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Without using any crossovers, a 4 × 4 Butler matrix with broadband characteristic and CPW technology is proposed in [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Tri-Beam Antenna System Based on U-Shaped Dipole

Dai¹,

Luo²,

Jin³

et al. 2019

RADIOENGINEERING

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Consisting of 6 radiating elements and a 3 × 3 Butler matrix, a novel tri-beam antenna system is proposed in this paper. The radiating element consists of two U-shaped arms and coupled strips, which shows a wide impedance characteristic. Three branch line couplers and four -90° phase shifters are combined into 3 × 3 Butler matrix as a beam-forming network (BFN). In order to avoid the crossover of transmission lines, one main line of a 1.76 dB coupler is designed and located between two 3 dB couplers. With this arrangement, the signal from one input port can be divided into three output signals with equal amplitude and specified phase differences of 0°, +120° and -120°. Furthermore, a 2 × 3 antenna array is connected with this BFN for three orthogonal beams. Measured results show that three beams at θ = 0°, 40° and -40° are produced when different input ports are excited.

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Miniaturized SIW Multibeam Antenna Array Fed by Dual-Layer 8 × 8 Butler Matrix

Cited by 96 publications

References 13 publications

Design and Implementation of Single-Layer 4 × 4 and 8 × 8 Butler Matrices for Multibeam Antenna Arrays

Design and Implementation of Single-Layer 4 × 4 and 8 × 8 Butler Matrices for Multibeam Antenna Arrays

Design and characterization of a compact single-layer multibeam array antennausing an 8×8 Butler matrix for 5G base station applications

A Novel Tri-Beam Antenna System Based on U-Shaped Dipole

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