We investigate topological and differentiable structures of submanifolds under extrinsic restrictions. We first obtain a topological sphere theorem for compact submanifolds in a Riemannian manifold. Secondly, we prove an optimal differentiable sphere theorem for 4-dimensional complete submanifolds in a space form, which provides a partial solution of the smooth Poincaré conjecture. Finally, we prove some new differentiable sphere theorems for n-dimensional submanifolds in a Riemannian manifold.