BackgroundRecently, unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression (ULBD) has become a alternative to conventional decompression for symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS),and this minimally invasive surgical technique has shown a satisfactory outcomes and low complications. However, the influence of old age on the risk of postoperative complications and clinical outcome is not well understood.OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical and radiographic outcomes and complication rates after ULBD in elderly patients.Study DesignSingle center retrospective observational study.SettingAll data was from the affiliated people's hospital of Jiangsu University.METHODSIn this study, 39 elderly patients were treated for lumbar spinal stenosis by ULBD between January 2016 and January 2018. Follow-up consisted of radiologic investigations, Visual Analog Scale, Oswestry Disability Index, and 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Preoperative comorbidity, postoperative complications and revision surgery rates were also analyzed.RESULTSThere were 12 female patients and 27 male patients with a mean age of 75.83 ± 9.16 years. 20 patients had one levels of spinal stenosis, 13 patients had two levels of stenosis, 6 patients had three levels of stenosis. Average follow-up time was 14.6 ± 7.8 months (range, 6–24 months), Total complications were 10.2%(4/39),and reoperation rate was 2.5%(1/39). Oswestry Disability Index scores decreased significantly (from 32.26 ± 6.82 to 11.44 ± 2.50 at 6 months and 10.56 ± 2.29 at 12 months), and 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey parameter scores demonstrated a significant improvement in the follow-up results.LimitationA multi-center study is recommended to confirm our findings and explore the factors related to clinical and radiographic outcomes.CONCLUSIONSULBD for lumbar spinal stenosis is a safe and effective treatment for elderly patients, improves these patients’ quality of life and does not pose an increased risk of complications.