“…Supporting the less invasive technique of RAMIE there are several observational studies showing lower postoperative pain scores and lower opioid consumption after RAMIE compared to OTE [ 26 , 27 ]. Some data attribute beneficial effects to PCA compared to TEA and paravertebral blocks (PVB), others to PVB compared to TEA [ 25 , 30 , 32 , 33 ]. However, enhanced recovery programs following open or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery still recommend TEA as the preferred analgesic regimen [ 34 , 35 ].…”