Minimization of CaSO₄Deposition Through Surface Modification

Combining a molecular modelling approach with direct current and high power impulse magnetron sputtering to develop new TiO2 thin films for antifouling applications

“…However, no straightforward conclusion can be drawn from the amount of the hydroxyl groups for at least two reasons: -Whereas these results are in agreement with the study reported by Wu et al on the Lewis Acid-Base interaction on TiO 2 surfaces [10], it can be argued that the contribution of the electrostatic energy can be considered as a repulsive interaction energy or even neglected [37]. There is still no generally valid correlation to predict the effects of dispersive, polar and electron donor surface energy components with the fouling behaviour [9,16,38]. -It should be kept in mind that the hydroxyl species are detected by XPS at the surface of specimens under vacuum.…”

“…The relationship between the anti-scaling properties of a material and various physical or chemical properties of its surface has already been studied more or less successfully. For instance, the influence of the roughness [6,9,13], the topography, the thickness of coatings [13,14], the Lewis acid-base values [10,16], the surface free energy [6,9,10,13,14,16], the zeta potential values [9], the hydrophilic or hydrophobic character of surfaces or films [17] have been investigated but none of these parameters can solely be used to predict the anti-scaling character of a surface. Lastly, the comparison of heterogeneous nucleation of calcium phosphates on anatase and rutile surfaces has already been reported but only on powders and with no specific orientation of the surfaces [10].…”

Design of intelligent surfaces for energy intensive processing industry

“…An additional surface coating trialled using electroless Ni-P is Ni-P-BN, which was used to investigate its ability to restrict mineral deposit formation [98]. In this work, Al-Janabi et al [98] found that Ni-P-BN reduced the rate and amount of calcium sulphate deposition in comparison to a number of different coatings and stainless steel. The authors evaluated the fouling rate with a number of different components of the interaction energy, finding that the Ni-P-BN to have the lowest van der Waal component but the highest electron donor component.…”

“…The authors evaluated the fouling rate with a number of different components of the interaction energy, finding that the Ni-P-BN to have the lowest van der Waal component but the highest electron donor component. The Ni-P-BN coating was found to exhibit a degree of corrosion following the cleaning of the surface [98].…”

“…When this was applied to the Ni-P-TiO 2 composite, the use of UV was also found to reduce the water contact angle from 52 to 40°, and as a result making the surface more hydrophilic [95]. An additional surface coating trialled using electroless Ni-P is Ni-P-BN, which was used to investigate its ability to restrict mineral deposit formation [98]. In this work, Al-Janabi et al [98] found that Ni-P-BN reduced the rate and amount of calcium sulphate deposition in comparison to a number of different coatings and stainless steel.…”