Minimization of Distortion in Heat Treated AISI D2 Tool Steel: Mechanism and Distortion Analysis

Sonar, Tushar; Lomte, Sachin; Gogte, C. L.; Balasubramanian, V.

doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2018.02.016

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Apart from the improper selection of material such as chemical composition, structure and geometry, the heat treatment characteristics (furnace type, detailed position inside the chamber, cooling uniformity, treatment gases and cooling medium) play an essential role in the final detail distortions in the process of toothed gears manufacturing [12][13][14]. There are several popular methods such as gas quenching [12] and cryogenic treatment [15] to minimize the distortion in industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction and Minimization of the Heat Treatment Induced Distortion in 8620H Steel Gear: Simulation and Experimental Verification

Shao

Tang

et al. 2022

Chin. J. Mech. Eng.

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The considerable heat treatment induced runout value in the end face of the automobile main reducer gear is always dimensionally out of tolerance. It directly affects the dimensional accuracy, the grade of carburized and hardened gears, and the post-quenching manufacturing costs. In this study, three dimensional numerical models were developed to simulate the carburizing-quenching process of gear based on the multi-field coupling theory using DEFORM software. The results indicated that the ununiform cooling rate of the gear caused by the asymmetry of the web structure would result in the ununiform distribution of martensite, leading to the large runout value at the end face of the gear. Therefore, a novel method was proposed to minimize the heat treatment induced runout value. It was found that the heat treatment induced runout value could be effectively controlled by the addition of a compensation ring and the support of a rod structure. Further experiments showed that the average runout value of the gear end face before and after the proposed heat treatment method were about 0.023 mm and 0.059 mm respectively, which was in good agreement with the simulated results. The novel approach proposed in this study led to a reduction of the gear runout value by 70.0%‒76.9% compared to that of the original heat treatment process, which may serve as a practical and economical way to predict and minimize the heat treatment induced distortion in drive gear.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction and Minimization of the Heat Treatment Induced Distortion in 8620H Steel Gear: Simulation and Experimental Verification

Shao

Tang

et al. 2022

Chin. J. Mech. Eng.

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“…High alloying content may provide excellent hardenability and good dimensional stability [6] since the parts are suitable to air quenching. This grade of steel is widely used for cold working, especially for cutting tools and dies production [7,8]. Since this tool steel has greater alloying elements content, some amount of retained austenite can be formed [9], depending on the heat treatment performed [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep cryogenic treatment in AISI D2 tool steel punches to enhance tool life

Ramos¹,

Bairros²,

Moscoso³

2021

Tecnol. Metal. Mater. Min.

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New materials and heat treatment are being developed worldwide to improve tool life. Tool steels are expensive due to the alloying elements and fabrication costs. Therefore, the maximization of tool life keeping good surface finishing is especially important to keep the processes attractiveness. The application of cryogenic treatment is promising to enhance mechanical and metallurgical properties of cold work tool steel parts. The possibility of increasing the finer secondary carbides content and decreasing amount of retained austenite during deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) is also an important matter for industry. The aim of this work is to improve tool life by applying DCT in AISI D2 cutting punches and compare these results with punches treated by conventional heat treatment (CHT), vacuum furnace quenching plus triple tempering.The tests used for analyses were: metallography, X-ray diffraction, carbides fraction, hardness and number of parts produced by each punch (practical test). The results indicate that the DCT punches have an enhancement of approximately 50% in its useful life.

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“…Apart from the improper selection of material such as chemical composition, structure and geometry, the heat treatment characteristics (furnace type, detailed position inside the chamber, cooling uniformity, treatment gases and cooling medium) play an essential role in the final detail distortions in the process of toothed gears manufacturing [8,12,13]. There are several popular methods such as gas quenching [13] and cryogenic treatment [14] to minimize the distortion in industry. Investigations were conducted to predict and optimize the quenching process by the change of the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction and minimization of the heat treatment induced distortion in 8620H steel gear – Simulation and experimental verification

Shao

Tang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The considerable heat treatment induced runout value in the end face of the automobile main reducer gear is always dimensionally out of tolerance. It directly affects the dimensional accuracy, the grade of carburized and hardened gears, and the post-quenching manufacturing costs. In this study, three dimensional numerical models were developed to simulate the carburizing-quenching process of gear based on the multi-field coupling theory using DEFORM software. The results indicated that the ununiform cooling rate of the gear caused by the asymmetry of the web structure was the determinant of severe deformation of the gear. Therefore, a novel method was proposed to minimize the heat treatment induced runout value. It was found that the heat treatment induced runout value could be effectively controlled by the addition of a compensation ring and the support of a rod structure. Further experiments showed that the average runout value of the gear end face before and after the proposed heat treatment method were about 0.023 mm and 0.059 mm respectively, which was in good agreement with the simulated results. The novel approach proposed in this study led to a reduction of the gear runout value by 70.0%-76.9% compared to that of the original heat treatment process, which may serve as a practical and economical way to predict and minimize the heat treatment induced distortion in drive gear.

show abstract

Minimization of Distortion in Heat Treated AISI D2 Tool Steel: Mechanism and Distortion Analysis

Cited by 20 publications

References 4 publications

Prediction and Minimization of the Heat Treatment Induced Distortion in 8620H Steel Gear: Simulation and Experimental Verification

Prediction and Minimization of the Heat Treatment Induced Distortion in 8620H Steel Gear: Simulation and Experimental Verification

Deep cryogenic treatment in AISI D2 tool steel punches to enhance tool life

Prediction and minimization of the heat treatment induced distortion in 8620H steel gear – Simulation and experimental verification

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