Minimization of Exergy Losses in the COREX Process

Kadrolkar, Ameya; Roy, Shibayan; Sen, P. K.

doi:10.1007/s11663-011-9586-2

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In the present study, a modified coal based thermodynamic model proposed earlier (Kadrolkar et al , 2012) has been developed where post-combustion of reducing gas has been taken into account to calculate coal consumption. Post-combustion is considered in the present study, unlike in the earlier models, because of the possible increase in CO 2 concentration in gasifier exit gas and also to supply additional energy to the reactor.…”

Section: Scope Of Present Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimisation of coal rate and carbon dioxide emissions in Corex process

Sen

Biswas

Das

et al. 2015

Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy

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High carbon consumption (∼700 kg per tonne of hot metal) in the Corex process has thrown challenges for process viability as compared to blast furnace and the subsequent impact on CO2 emission. The coal rate in Corex process is a function of coal composition, the quantity of excess gas generated in the process (known as export gas) and process configuration. A model has been developed both for the smelter gasifier and the reduction shaft of the Corex process, which can predict export gas quantity as a function of coal rate for a given coal and process configuration. The process condition for zero excess gas generation in export gas stream from the smelter gasifier has been predicted from the model. This also leads to minimisation coal rate. Model computations have been carried out for different coals with varied compositions. It appears that certain coals can give rise to minimum gas rates that also lead to minimum coal rates. These process conditions also lead to minimum direct CO2 emission rates of the system. Reduction in emissions tends to push the Corex process behaviour towards a typical blast furnace system emission. Further reductions in coal rates and emissions are possible if the system is run on top gas recycle mode.

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Section: Scope Of Present Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimisation of coal rate and carbon dioxide emissions in Corex process

Sen

Biswas

Das

et al. 2015

Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy

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show abstract

“…The COREX melter gasifier was also studied through a model using thermodynamic software. 9,10) Static thermochemical modelling has been used to study the influence of metallization. [11][12][13][14] These comprehensive models have been successful in predicting the process parameters, composition of product and by product.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operating Line Prediction of COREX Iron-making Process Using RIST Diagram

2020

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In the present work, the calculations of the modified operating line for the COREX process, based on the Rist diagram approach, have been performed. The operating line developed by Rist in 1960's has been modified by various researchers for improvements in the blast furnace. The idea proposed by Rist was further utilized to perform the heat balance along with the net oxygen balance for the other iron making processes. The operating line has been modified thus accounting the generated H 2 O and CO 2 with respect to Fe, in the process of smelting reduction of ore by coal containing volatile and moisture.

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“…It is independent on coking coal to meet the requirements of environment and source, and it has been successfully operated in India, South Africa and South Korea. 1,2) Detailed information about the process and equipment of COREX can be found in the investigation by Wu et al 4,5) However, the pig iron cost of COREX-3000 process is much higher than that of blast furnace because of raw materials including lump coal in China. Therefore, a series of COREX-3000 processes introduced by Baosteel in 2007 was entirely moved to XinJiang province to achieve operation with low cost, and the raw materials has changed compared with the primary process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation and Microstructure Changes of Tuyere Coke Behavior of a COREX-3000 Furnace

et al. 2018

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The behavior of tuyere coke obtained from a COREX-3000 process was investigated in the present study for an in-depth understanding for the condition of raceway. The coke samples was obtained in a dissection process of the furnace, and coke samples at P1 (200 mm from tuyere sleeve towards the furnace center), P2 (400 mm from tuyere sleeve towards the furnace center), P3 (600 mm from tuyere sleeve towards the furnace center), P4 (800 mm from tuyere sleeve to the furnace center), P5 (1 000 mm from tuyere sleeve to the furnace center) and P6 (1 200 mm from tuyere sleeve to the furnace center) were sieved, and the particles size distribution and average size of different position has been calculated. Microstructure of coke samples at P2, P4 and P6 was examined using scanning electron microscopy, and carbon structure and mineral phases of coke samples at P6 were identified using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The results showed that the percentage of small coke particles (< 10 mm) was higher at P5 and P6, and the average particle size of coke samples at P5 and P6 were 12.04 mm and 7.71 mm, which is much smaller than that of other samples indicating a severe degradation of coke. The amount of pores of tuyere coke increased compared with charged coke, and more pores were found in coke sample at P6 than P2 and P4, indicating a violent reaction at this position. The graphitization degree of tuyere cokes at P6 were much higher than that of charged coke, and coke particle (10-16 mm) possess the highest graphitization degree, indicating the much higher temperature in the raceway zone. The main minerals in the tuyere coke were gehlenite and akermanite, and the slag was melt to be spherical particles confirming the higher temperature in raceway zone in COREX-3000 process.

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Minimization of Exergy Losses in the COREX Process

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

Optimisation of coal rate and carbon dioxide emissions in Corex process

Optimisation of coal rate and carbon dioxide emissions in Corex process

Operating Line Prediction of COREX Iron-making Process Using RIST Diagram

Degradation and Microstructure Changes of Tuyere Coke Behavior of a COREX-3000 Furnace

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