Minimizing Cross-Reactivity for the Chemiluminescent Lateral Flow Immunoassay of Cardiac Troponin I Based on PEGylation of Gold Nanoparticles

Abstract

Lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) have been employed extensively for the rapid, accurate, and portable detection of protein biomarkers in healthcare. However, the cross-reactivity, especially in the multiplexed detection, leads to false-positive errors that would further limit their practical applications. In this work, we report a highly sensitive and accurate chemiluminescent LFIA based on the synthesis of the Au nanoparticle–antibody–horseradish peroxidase–polyethylene glycol conjugate for detecting cardiac troponin I (cTnI), a major biomarker of acute myocardial infarction. Due to the presence of polyethylene glycol, the accuracy of the LFIA was improved significantly from a clear false positive signal to the absence of a false positive signal. In addition, the device exhibited a highly sensitive detection of cTnI in the concentration range of 1–90 ng mL–1, and the detection limit can be as low as 10 pg mL–1. The method further enabled the multiplex detection of cTnI and myoglobin successfully. It is anticipated that this work may open new paradigms for the development of a variety of lateral flow devices with high sensitivity and accuracy and further lead to widespread practical applications in clinical diagnosis.

Block-Polymer-Restricted Sub-nanometer Pt Nanoclusters Nanozyme-Enhanced Immunoassay for Monitoring of Cardiac Troponin I

“…In the gradient concentration (0.02–20 ng mL –1 ) spiked recovery test, no outliers and false positive/negative results were found to occur, and the test results showed a high degree of consistency between the two methods, suggesting that the developed test protocol was able to accurately determine the concentration of cTnI in the actual samples from humans (Figure E). , In addition, clinical samples collected from potential patients were evaluated for accuracy according to the test protocol and the ELISA kit, and again no significant differences were found between the two test protocols, and the t exp were both less than 2.78, thus further defining the accuracy of the developed test protocol for evaluating cTnI targets (Table S4). In addition, a comparison of the test protocols that had reported for cTnI targets revealed that the game theory-based test protocol we developed could match or even outperform them in terms of dynamic response range and detection limit (Figure F). – …”

Electrochemical vs. Optical Biosensors for Point-of-Care Applications: A Critical Review

“…Chabi et al [123] reported an LFIA platform employing phage-based CL reporters, combined with smartphone detection and applied to the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. Exploiting the same approach, Ren et al [124], trying to increase the sensitivity of the system, proposed a CL-LFIA based on the synthesis of the Au NP-antibody-HRP-polyethylene glyco conjugate for detecting cardiac troponin I (Figure 3b). Due to the presence of polyethylene glycol that allowed a controlled orientation of the immunocoplex, the accuracy of the LFIA was improved significantly, allowing a detection limit of 10 pg/mL.…”

Rapid Matching Antibodies Pair and Fast Detecting Melioidosis with Fluorescent Immunochromatographic Test Strips

“…He et al used the highly erbium-doped and the thulium ions-doped upconversion nanoparticles to achieve the highly sensitive detection of prostate-specific antigen and ephrin type-A receptor 2. Additionally, a common chemiluminescent lateral flow assay (CLLFA) is used to label the antibody with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) [31][32][33]. After the common steps of LFA, luminol, chemiluminescent enhancer, and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) are added to the CLLFA, the test line will achieve a blue glow.…”