“…[31][32][33] Among these methods is the particle swarm optimization (PSO). It was considered by many researchers in various fields, such as vehicular applications, 34,35 civil engineering, 31 medical sector, 32 and course scheduling process. 33 In the area of mechanical structures, Shabana et al, [36][37][38] for instance, used it in order to enhance the performance of multilayer plates and cylinders.…”