Minimizing the fuel consumption of a vehicle from the Shell Eco-marathon: a numerical study

Abstract

Abstract.We apply four different methods to study an intrinsically bang-bang optimal control problem. We study first a relaxed problem that we solve with a naive nonlinear programming approach. Since these preliminary results reveal singular arcs, we then use Pontryagin's Minimum Principle and apply multiple indirect shooting methods combined with homotopy approach to obtain an accurate solution of the relaxed problem. Finally, in order to recover a purely bang-bang solution for the original problem, we use once again a nonlinear programming approach.Mathematics Subject Classification. 49J15, 90C90, 49N90.

Geometric and numerical methods for a state constrained minimum time control problem of an electric vehicle

“…Besides, as mentioned in [26], optimization of driving strategy and optimization-driven assistant systems are on the rise from these last few decades, especially because of recent technological advances and successfully operating autonomous cars. One can found recent works, using different numerical approaches, such as indirect methods for off-line optimization in [20], or nonlinear model predictive control for real-time optimization in [21].…”

Optimizing Control of Shell Eco-marathon Prototype Vehicle to Minimize Fuel Consumption

“…A similar study was conducted in which the driver is assumed to be a perfect bang-bang controller [6]. A nonlinear programming method was used to find the optimal controller speeds.…”

“…The theoretical fuel flow rate can be calculated using Equation 6. Figure 20 shows the theoretical fuel flow rate versus engine speed in black.…”