Minimizing the Interface-Driven Losses in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules

Abstract

The inverted p-i-n perovskite solar cells hold high promise for scale-up toward commercialization. However, the interfaces between the perovskite and the charge transport layers contribute to major power conversion efficiency (PCE) loss and instability. Here, we use a single material of 2-thiopheneethylammonium chloride (TEACl) to molecularly engineer both the interface between the perovskite and fullerene-C 60 electron transport layer and the buried interface between the perovskite and NiO x -based hole transport layer. The dual interface modification results in optimized band alignment, suppressed nonradiative recombination, and improved interfacial contact. A PCE of 24.3% is demonstrated, with open-circuit voltage (V oc ) and fill factor (FF) of 1.17 V and 84.6%, respectively. The unencapsulated device retains >97.0% of the initial performance after 1000 h of maximum power point tracking under illumination. Moreover, a PCE of 22.6% and a remarkable FF of 82.4% are obtained for a mini-module with an active area of 3.63 cm 2 .

Towards scalability: progress in metal oxide charge transport layers for large-area perovskite solar cells

“…Reproduced with permission. 91 Copyright 2023, American Chemical Society. (g) Schematic illustration of suppressing perovskite decomposition by LS1.…”

“…7f ). 91 The TEACl-based dual interfaces contribute to the optimal band alignment and reduced defect sites, and improve interfacial contact, resulting in a high photovoltaic performance. The TEACl dual-treated PSC exhibits a PCE of 22.6% for the large submodule with an active area of 3.63 cm 2 .…”

Dual Buried Interface Engineering for Improving Air-Processed Inverted FAPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells

“…In spite of the good performance achieved in air-processed FAPbI 3 PSCs, these strategies were mostly applied in the devices with regular (n-i-p) structure. In contrast, inverted (p-i-n) FAPbI 3 PSCs have been rarely constructed in ambient air even though they show advantages such as low-temperature preparation process of electron transport materials, dopant-free hole transport materials, etc. , Our prior work demonstrated a strategy for fabricating inverted FAPbI 3 PSCs in a humid environment by introducing phenylethylammonium iodide (PEAI) . However, the efficiency obtained for inverted FAPbI 3 PSCs fabricated in ambient air still lags far behind that of the regular one.…”

Toward Efficient and Fully Scalable Sputtered NiOx‐Based Inverted Perovskite Solar Modules via Co‐Ordinated Modification Strategies

“…Organic molecules or self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have been used to improve the surface chemistry, stabilize the NiO x /perovskite interface, and modify the work function (WF) of NiO x . [19][20][21] Prior studies showed that the functional groups of SAMs can be engineered to modify the surface and interfacial properties like wetting [22] and to control the WF of the metal oxide surfaces for better energy-level alignment [23,24] to improve performance of PSCs. In the last years, carbazole-based SAMs with the phosphonic acid anchoring ), and used them as a standalone HTL in singlejunction PSCs, as well as in the tandem configurations.…”