Minimum Analytical Nodules and Late Paleoindian Cody Complex Lithic Technological Organization at Hell Gap, Wyoming

Knell, Edward J.

doi:10.1179/pan.2012.024

Cited by 18 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Over time, stone might be worked and discarded locally, or it might move in or out of an assemblage as either unworked raw material or reduction products (i.e., cores or flakes). Knell (2012) illustrates five possible scenarios: Raw material is reduced and discarded in the local assemblage area.Raw material is reduced in the assemblage area, and some products are removed from the assemblage.Raw material is imported and worked in the assemblage area, potentially breaking and being discarded locally or being transported away as finished artifacts.Finished artifacts are carried into the assemblage area, are maintained through retouch, and are then removed from the assemblage area.Finished artifacts are carried into the assemblage area and discarded there.…”

Section: The Cortex Ratio As An Indicator Of Archaeological Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Relationships Between Space, Movement, and Lithic Geometric Attributes

2018

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Evidence for changes in human mobility is fundamental to interpretations of transitions in human socioeconomic organization. Showing changes in mobility requires both archaeological proxies that are sensitive to movement and a clear understanding of how different mobility configurations influence their patterning. This study uses computer simulation to explore how different combinations of reduction, selection, transport, and discard of stone artifacts generate patterning in the “cortex ratio,” a geometric proxy used to demonstrate movement at the assemblage level. A case study from western New South Wales, Australia, shows how cortex ratios are used to make inferences about movement. Results of the exploratory simulation show that redundancy in movement between discards reduces variability in cortex ratios, while mean assemblage values can be attributed to the relative proportions of artifacts carried into and out of the assemblages. These results suggest that raw material availability is a potentially crucial factor in determining what kinds of mobility are visible in assemblages, whereby different access to raw material can shift the balance of import and export of stone in an otherwise undirected movement configuration. These findings are used to contextualize distributions of cortex ratios from the raw material–rich study area, prompting suggestions for further fieldwork.

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Section: The Cortex Ratio As An Indicator Of Archaeological Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Relationships Between Space, Movement, and Lithic Geometric Attributes

2018

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“…This technological study was implemented by Raw Material Units analysis (RMU) (also known as MANA: Minimum Analytical Nodule Analysis in American literature), in addition to an intensive program of refits based on the material, in order to identify the technical events from a spatio-temporal perspective (RMU: Chacón et al 2015;Cziesla 1990;López-Ortega et al 2011;2015;Machado et al 2013;2015;Marciani 2013;Roebroeks 1988;Romagnoli 2012;Schurmans 2007;Spagnolo 2013;Spagnolo et al 2016;Uthmeier 2006;Vallverdù et al 2010;Vaquero 2008;Vaquero et al 2001;2012a;2012b;2015;MANA: Bruce 2001;Byrnes 2009;Cooper & Melzer 2009;Douglass 2010;Hall 2004;Hall & Larson 2004;Hurst et al 2010;Knell 2012;Larson 1994;Larson & Ingbar 1992;Larson & Finley 2004;Larson & Kornfeld 1997;Miller 2016;Scerri et al 2016;White 2012;Yoshikawa 2010).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle Palaeolithic technical behaviour: Material import-export and Levallois production at the SU 13 of Oscurusciuto rock shelter, Southern Italy

Marciani

Spagnolo

Aureli

et al. 2016

JLS

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The Oscurusciuto rock shelter, located in southern Italy (Puglia), has yielded a long Middle Palaeolithic stratigraphy rich in lithic assemblages, fireplaces and faunal remains, attesting Neanderthal occupation during the MIS 3. This paper is focused on the stratigraphic unit 13, consisting of a sandy compact deposit mixed with pyroclastic sediment above a thick level of tephra-US 14, identified as Mt. Epomeo green tuff (dated Ar/Ar ~ 55 ka).\ud Level 13 represents the first stable human occupation after the deposition of tephra. Our goal was to examine the lithic assemblage of this stratigraphic unit by means of an interdisciplinary approach (technology, RMU, refitting program) in order to identify the economic behaviour and technical strategies of Neanderthals occupying the stratigraphic unit 13 of Oscurusciuto.\ud The technical strategies applied indicate fragmentation of the reduction processes, as well as probable events of importation and exportation of objects. The lithic material were introduced at different stages of manufacturing. Pieces were introduced in the form of rough objects (pebbles), as well as semi-finished items, and as finished tools. This fragmentation of the chaîne opératoire also demonstrate the palimpsest nature of the level which is made up of different events happening one after another.\ud The main concept of debitage was Levallois, generally realized on local jasper and siliceous limestone pebbles or cortical flakes. Jasper and siliceous limestone flakes, backed flakes and convergent flakes were the technological objectives of the debitage. A marginal volumetric debitage aimed at producing bladelets was also attested

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“…Larson, Kornfeld 1997;Inizan et al 1999, Fig. 3;Knell 2012;Damlien 2016). Larson and Kornfeld (1997, p. 13, Table 2) describe different scenarios affecting the technological organisation mirrored in lithic assemblages.…”

Section: Part Of Production Processmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…However, our analysis has produced evidence that blank and tool production, and in some cases initial core preparation, was performed at Laukskola, while at the same time it is likely that some import to the site of readymade blades and tools took place. We interpret this as a manner to counteract uncertainty or deficiency in raw material availability (Knell 2012;Damlien 2016, e.g. p. 399;Berg-Hansen 2017a, pp.168-173).…”

Section: Part Of Production Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Northern Fringe of the Swiderian Technological Tradition: Salaspils Laukskola Revisited

Berg-Hansen¹,

Damlien²,

Zagorska³

2019

Archaeologia Baltica

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The earliest settlement of Latvia occurred at the very end of the Late Glacial, after the retreat of the ice sheet. Important evidence of this earliest occupation is the well-known site Salaspils Laukskola. Previous research has focused on the typological aspects of this assemblage, and the use of lithic raw materials, suggesting an affiliation to the Swidry tradition. However, a wider technological perspective on this assemblage comprising a rich lithic inventory has recently proven fruitful. We present a detailed new technological analysis of the Laukskola assemblage, as well as five small lithic assemblages from Latvia based on a chaîne opératoire approach. While supporting the Swidry connection, this allows for a renewed discussion of the Final Palaeolithic settlement of Latvia, and its relationship with adjacent areas of northeast Europe.

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Minimum Analytical Nodules and Late Paleoindian Cody Complex Lithic Technological Organization at Hell Gap, Wyoming

Cited by 18 publications

References 39 publications

Modeling Relationships Between Space, Movement, and Lithic Geometric Attributes

Modeling Relationships Between Space, Movement, and Lithic Geometric Attributes

Middle Palaeolithic technical behaviour: Material import-export and Levallois production at the SU 13 of Oscurusciuto rock shelter, Southern Italy

The Northern Fringe of the Swiderian Technological Tradition: Salaspils Laukskola Revisited

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