Minimum apparent diffusion coefficients in the evaluation of brain tumors

Kitiş, Ömer; Altay, Hakan; Çallı, Cem; Yünten, Nilgün; Akalın, Taner; Yurtseven, Taşkın

doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2005.02.004

Cited by 130 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Although the authors of studies in adults have reported contrasting results, our findings are similar to some previously published studies of diffusionweighted imaging in brain tumors in adults. 3,9 In an evaluation of 15 patients with primary malignant gliomas, Castillo and associates 3 demonstrated that the mean diffusivity values could differentiate between tumor and normal tissue. Similarly, Kitis et al 9 showed that mean diffusivity values differed for low-and high-grade gliomas, metastases, and lymphomas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of abnormal diffusion properties of supratentorial brain tumors: a preliminary diffusion tensor imaging study

Yuan¹,

Holland²,

Jones

et al. 2008

PED

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Object Diffusion tensor (DT) imaging was used in children with supratentorial tumors to evaluate the anisotropic diffusion properties between different tumor grades and between tumors and adjacent and contralateral white matter. Methods In this retrospective review, the authors review the cases of 16 children (age range 1–18 years) who presented to their institution with supratentorial tumors and were treated between 2004 and 2007. Eleven patients had low-grade and 5 had high-grade tumors. Fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity, and axial (λ∥) and radial (λ⊥) eigenvalues within selected regions were studied. Mitotic index, necrosis, and vascularity of the tumors were compared with DT imaging parameters. Results The mean diffusivity was significantly higher in low-grade than in high-grade tumors (p = 0.04); the 2 tumor grades also significantly differed for both λ∥ (p < 0.05) and λ⊥ (p < 0.05). Mean diffusivity values in low-grade tumors were significantly higher than in adjacent normal-appearing white matter (NAWM; p = 0.0004) and contralateral NAWM (p = 0.0001). In both low- and high-grade tumors, the FA was significantly lower than in NAWM (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.03, respectively) and contralateral NAWM (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.003, respectively). Tumor cellularity highly correlated with mean diffusivity and λ∥and λ⊥. Conclusions Diffusion tensor imaging is a useful tool in the evaluation of supratentorial tumors in children. The mean diffusivity appears to be a significant marker in differentiating tumors grades. Findings related to λ∥ and λ⊥ within tumor groups and between tumors and NAWM may be an indirect manifestation of the combined effects of axonal injury, demyelination, and tumor mass within the cranial compartment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of abnormal diffusion properties of supratentorial brain tumors: a preliminary diffusion tensor imaging study

Yuan¹,

Holland²,

Jones

et al. 2008

PED

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“…Although some papers have focused on diŠerentiating high-grade gliomas and lymphoma, whose cellularities are diŠerent, 53,[56][57][58][59][60] ADC values overlap between gliomas and lymphoma. 61 Murakami's team reported that use of the ADC can improve accuracy in grading astrocytic tumors, using a combination of minimum ADCs and ADC diŠerence values (2-parameter method).…”

Section: Neoplasms Of the Brain And Spinementioning

confidence: 99%

Visualizing Non-Gaussian Diffusion: Clinical Application of q-Space Imaging and Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging of the Brain and Spine

Hori

Fukunaga

Masutani

et al. 2012

MRMS

105

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Recently, non-Gaussian diŠusion-weighted imaging (DWI) techniques, including qspace imaging (QSI) and diŠusional kurtosis imaging (DKI), have emerged as advanced methods to evaluate tissue microstructure in vivo using water diŠusion. QSI and DKI have shown promising results in clinical applications, such as in the evaluation of brain tumors (e.g., grading gliomas), degenerative diseases (e.g., speciˆc diagnosis of Parkinson disease), demyelinating diseases (e.g., assessment of normal-appearing tissue of multiple sclerosis), and cerebrovascular diseases (e.g., assessment of the microstructural environment of fresh infarctions). Representative metrics in clinical use are the full width at half maximum, also known as the mean displacement of the probability density function curve, which is derived from QSI, and diŠusional kurtosis, which is derived from DKI. These new metrics may provide information on tissue structure in addition to that provided by conventional Gaussian DWI investigations that use the apparent diŠusion coe‹cient and fractional anisotropy, recognized indices for evaluating disease and normal development in the brain and spine. In some clinical situations, sensitivity for detecting pathological conditions is higher using QSI and DKI than conventional DWI and diŠusion tensor imaging (DTI) because DWI and DTI calculations are based on the assumption that water molecules follow a Gaussian distribution, whereas hindrance of the distribution of water molecules by complex and restricted structures in actual neural tissues produces distributions that are far from Gaussian. We review the technical aspects and clinical applications of QSI and DKI, focusing on clinical use and in vivo studies and highlighting diŠerences from conventional diŠusional metrics.

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“…As previously noted, necrotic glioblastomas can be readily differentiated from cerebral abscesses by their lack of diffusion restriction [48]. Also, quantitative analyses of ADC values have shown that ADC values in high-grade gliomas such as glioblastoma are significantly lower than ADC values in low-grade gliomas, a distinction with clear prognostic implications [49,50]. Studies have also suggested that ADC values may help distinguish glioblastoma from lymphoma, as the ADC values of lymphoma tend to be lower than those of glioblastoma [50][51][52].…”

Section: Neoplastic Malignant Glioblastomamentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Also, quantitative analyses of ADC values have shown that ADC values in high-grade gliomas such as glioblastoma are significantly lower than ADC values in low-grade gliomas, a distinction with clear prognostic implications [49,50]. Studies have also suggested that ADC values may help distinguish glioblastoma from lymphoma, as the ADC values of lymphoma tend to be lower than those of glioblastoma [50][51][52]. More recently, diffusion restriction has been considered in the evaluation of recurring glioblastoma in patients treated with bevacizumab.…”

Section: Neoplastic Malignant Glioblastomamentioning

confidence: 99%

“Dazed and diffused”: making sense of diffusion abnormalities in neurologic pathologies

O’Connor

Barest²,

Moritani³

et al. 2013

BJR

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To review diffusion abnormalities seen in diffusion-weighted MRI in neurological pathologies. We examine the clinical significance of the abnormalities in a broad spectrum of neurological diseases and highlight our current understanding of their causes. Diffusion abnormalities seen on diffusion-weighted MRI can play an important role in the diagnosis and follow-up of a broad spectrum of neurological diseases. A thorough understanding of the appearance and significance of these abnormalities is critical in patient management.Although the best known use of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in MRI of the brain is detection of acute vaso-occlusive infarct, diffusion abnormalities occur in a wide spectrum of neurological pathologies. These diffusion abnormalities provide information that can directly affect the management of a patient, whether identifying pathology that would otherwise go unrecognised, narrowing a broad differential diagnosis, identifying conditions that require emergent intervention, evaluating response to treatment or providing prognostic information about a patient's expected clinical course. In this review, we explain the significance of diffusion abnormalities in a variety of neurological diseases and highlight our current understanding of the causes of these diffusion abnormalities.

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Minimum apparent diffusion coefficients in the evaluation of brain tumors

Cited by 130 publications

References 15 publications

Characterization of abnormal diffusion properties of supratentorial brain tumors: a preliminary diffusion tensor imaging study

Characterization of abnormal diffusion properties of supratentorial brain tumors: a preliminary diffusion tensor imaging study

Visualizing Non-Gaussian Diffusion: Clinical Application of q-Space Imaging and Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging of the Brain and Spine

“Dazed and diffused”: making sense of diffusion abnormalities in neurologic pathologies

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