Minimum-Current-Stress Scheme of Three-Level Dual-Active-Bridge DC–DC Converters With the Particle Swarm Optimization

Analysis and Optimal Modulation for 2/3-Level DAB Converters to Minimize Current Stress With Five-Level Control

“…where I L1 and I L2 are the inductor currents at the switching instance, and C p is the parasitic capacitance of the switches [30]. Therefore, the ZVS constraints for various switches can be obtained as…”

“…In addition, compared to the cascaded converters which can also be applied to MVDC systems, e.g., input-parallel-outputseries (IPOS) converter based on two-level DAB converters, the single 2/3-level DAB converter can reduce the devices such as semiconductors and transformers, and the issues like uneven power sharing and circulating current between different modules can be avoided, and thus, control is simplified. The most popular control strategy for the DAB converters is the single-phase-shift (SPS) control scheme, where the magnitude and direction of the transferred power is controlled by regulating a phase-shift angle between the two- Peak current TPS LMM 2 method 2 VSs [27] RMS current TPS PSO 3 and re-arranging power model 2 VSs + 2 CSs 5 [28] RMS current EPS Differential extremum method 2 VSs + 1 CS [29] Peak current TPS Differential extremum method 2 VSs + 2 CSs Multi-level DAB [9] RMS current Five-level Numerical computation algorithms Numerical 2 VSs + 1 CS [30] Peak current Three-level PSO method 2 VSs [31] RMS current Five-level Numerical computation algorithms 2 VSs Proposed modulation…”

“…• A generic optimal control strategy is proposed to minimize the current stress and to improve the efficiency, where the control variables can be automatically regulated online and the optimum operation can be ensured even when the operating parameters vary in a wide range. This cannot be achieved in the previous control strategies for the multi-level DAB converters based on the numerical solutions [9], [30], [31], where the control parameters should be pre-calculated. This paper is extended from [32], where the operating constraints and power modeling were analyzed for the 2/3level DAB converters.…”

Efficient and Reliable Control of Multi-Level Dual-Active-Bridge Converters

“…Multi-level [39,43] Numerical computation algorithms Five-level control Numerical [52] Particle swarm optimization Three-level control…”

“…The optimal control strategies for improving the efficiency has been explored widely for various DAB converters, where different efficiency indices, e.g., RMS current, soft-switching, peak current, and power loss, have been analyzed [45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52]. Based on the types of optimal solutions, these modulation strategies can be divided into numerical-solution-based (NSB) control and analytical-solution-based (ASB) control strategies.…”