“…These approaches can be classified either by the method of distance calculation or by their underlying principles. In terms of the method of distance calculation, existing distance calculation approaches can be characterised as vertexbased approaches [3,4], surface-based approaches [5], and convex object-based approaches [2,[6][7][8]. In terms of the underlying principles, the research can be classified into three major categories: forbidden region identification methods [3], swept volume methods [9][10][11][12], and constrained distance minimization methods [1, 2, 13}. In this work, a new formulation for collision identification and distance calculation in motion planning, using neural networks, is introduced.…”