Mining Gut Microbiota From Bariatric Surgery for MAFLD

Wu, Wei-Kai; Chen, Yi‐Hsun; Lee, Po‐Chu; Yang, Po‐Jen; Chang, Chin‐Chen; Liu, Kao–Lang; Hsu, Cheng-Chih; Huang, Chi‐Chang; Chuang, Hsiao-Li; Sheen, Lee‐Yan; Liu, Chun‐Jen; Wu, Ming–Shiang

doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.612946

Cited by 5 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…Weight loss of more than 10% overall body weight is beneficial for alleviating steatosis and reversing fibrosis 77 . Bariatric surgery mitigates steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis, and IR 38 . For obese patients, it is one of the most successful and effective methods to produce sustained weight loss 78 .…”

Section: Treatment Options For Mafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Renaming NAFLD to MAFLD: Advantages and Potential Changes in Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, Treatment, and Management

Rui

Yang

et al. 2022

Infectious Microbes and Diseases

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In recent years, with the increasing incidence of obesity and other metabolic diseases, the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has increased and it has become a major health problem affecting more than one quarter of the world's population. Recently, experts reached a consensus that NAFLD does not reflect the current knowledge, and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) was suggested as a more appropriate term. MAFLD is not just a simple renaming of NAFLD. The definition of MAFLD allows a patient to have dual (or more) etiologies for their liver disease, which will help to exclude more heterogeneous patients. In this review, we introduce the significant differences between the definitions of NAFLD and MAFLD. In addition, we also describe the advantages of the term MAFLD in the pathophysiology, therapy, and patient management.

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Section: Treatment Options For Mafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For obese patients, it is one of the most successful and effective methods to produce sustained weight loss 78 . However, due to the aggressive invasiveness, bariatric surgery is not recommended 38 . Not all bariatric surgeries are good for the liver.…”

Section: Treatment Options For Mafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renaming NAFLD to MAFLD: Advantages and Potential Changes in Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, Treatment, and Management

Rui

Yang

et al. 2022

Infectious Microbes and Diseases

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“…Many links have been discovered between several microbial-derived molecules and the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome and obesity [ 156 ]. These molecules include lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of Gram-negative bacteria whose signaling cascades lead to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.…”

Section: Effects Of Bariatric Surgery On the Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LPS is associated with the development of obesity and increased insulin resistance, and obese patients have elevated plasma LPS levels [ 157 , 158 ]. Other small microbial molecules, including ethanol, trimethylamine (TMA), phenylacetate, and imidazole propionate, are also associated with metabolic dysregulation [ 156 ].…”

Section: Effects Of Bariatric Surgery On the Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Bariatric Surgery and Liver Disease: General Considerations and Role of the Gut–Liver Axis

et al. 2021

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Weight loss is a therapeutic solution for many metabolic disorders, such as obesity and its complications. Bariatric surgery aims to achieve lasting weight loss in all patients who have failed after multiple dietary attempts. Among its many benefits, it has been associated with the regression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is often associated with obesity, with evidence of substantial improvement in tissue inflammation and fibrosis. These benefits are mediated not only by weight loss, but also by favorable changes in systemic inflammation and in the composition of the gut microbiota. Changes in microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), capable of acting as endocrine mediators, and bile acids (BAs) as well as modifications of the gut-brain axis, are among the involved mechanisms. However, not all bariatric surgeries show beneficial effects on the liver; those leading to malabsorption can cause liver failure or a marked worsening of fibrosis and the development of cirrhosis. Nevertheless, there are still many unclear aspects, including the extent of the benefits and the magnitude of the risks of bariatric surgery in cirrhotic patients. In addition, the usefulness and the safety of these procedures in patients who are candidates to or who have undergone liver transplant need solid supporting evidence. This paper aims to review literature data on the use of bariatric surgery in the setting of chronic liver disease.

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“…Moreover, BS reduces the general risk of cancer, particularly breast [54,55] and liver cancer [56], and especially in patients with hepatic steatosis [57]. Furthermore, hepatic steatosis improves at least partly, due to the changes in gut microbiota [58]. Nevertheless, in rare cases, the RYGB intervention has shown to favor steatosis and malnutrition [59].…”

Section: Bariatric Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Management in Bariatric Surgery Patients

Deledda

Pintus²,

Loviselli

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The obesity epidemic, mainly due to lifestyle changes in recent decades, leads to serious comorbidities that reduce life expectancy. This situation is affecting the health policies of many nations around the world. Traditional measures such as diet, physical activity, and drugs are often not enough to achieve weight loss goals and to maintain the results over time. Bariatric surgery (BS) includes various techniques, which favor rapid and sustained weight loss. BS is a useful and, in most cases, the best treatment in severe and complicated obesity. In addition, it has a greater benefit/risk ratio than non-surgical traditional therapies. BS can allow the obese patient to lose weight quickly compared with traditional lifestyle changes, and with a greater probability of maintaining the results. Moreover, BS promotes improvements in metabolic parameters, even diabetes remission, and in the quality of life. These changes can lead to an increase of life expectancy by over 6 years on average. The nutrition of people before and after BS must be the subject of indications from a trained staff, and patients must be followed in the subsequent years to reduce the risk of malnutrition and the associated problems. In particular, it is still debated whether it is necessary to lose weight prior to surgery, a procedure that can facilitate the surgeon’s work reducing the surgical risk, but at the same time, lengthens preparation times increasing the risks associated with concomitant pathologies. Furthermore, preventing nutritional deficiencies prior to the intervention can improve the results and reduce short- and long-term mortality.

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Mining Gut Microbiota From Bariatric Surgery for MAFLD

Cited by 5 publications

References 58 publications

Renaming NAFLD to MAFLD: Advantages and Potential Changes in Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, Treatment, and Management

Renaming NAFLD to MAFLD: Advantages and Potential Changes in Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, Treatment, and Management

Bariatric Surgery and Liver Disease: General Considerations and Role of the Gut–Liver Axis

Nutritional Management in Bariatric Surgery Patients

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