Minireview: DNA replication in plant mitochondria

Cupp, John D.; Nielsen, Brent L.

doi:10.1016/j.mito.2014.03.008

Cited by 56 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(123 reference statements)

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“…Our data support the hypothesis that this enzyme has dual organellar localization and contributes towards DNA synthesis in both compartments, similarly to other proteins involved in organellar DNA replication (Blomme et al .,; Carrie et al ., ; Cupp and Nielsen, ; Moriyama and Sato, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Role of pyrimidine salvage pathway in the maintenance of organellar and nuclear genome integrity

et al. 2018

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Summary Nucleotide biosynthesis proceeds through a de novo pathway and a salvage route. In the salvage route, free bases and/or nucleosides are recycled to generate the corresponding nucleotides. Thymidine kinase (TK) is the first enzyme in the salvage pathway to recycle thymidine nucleosides as it phosphorylates thymidine to yield thymidine monophosphate. The Arabidopsis genome contains two TK genes −TK1a and TK1b− that show similar expression patterns during development. In this work, we studied the respective roles of the two genes during early development and in response to genotoxic agents targeting the organellar or the nuclear genome. We found that the pyrimidine salvage pathway is crucial for chloroplast development and genome replication, as well as for the maintenance of its integrity, and is thus likely to play a crucial role during the transition from heterotrophy to autotrophy after germination. Interestingly, defects in TK activity could be partially compensated by supplementation of the medium with sugar, and this effect resulted from both the availability of a carbon source and the activation of the nucleotide de novo synthesis pathway, providing evidence for a compensation mechanism between two routes of nucleotide biosynthesis that depend on nutrient availability. Finally, we found differential roles of the TK1a and TK1b genes during the plant response to genotoxic stress, suggesting that different pools of nucleotides exist within the cells and are required to respond to different types of DNA damage. Altogether, our results highlight the importance of the pyrimidine salvage pathway, both during plant development and in response to genotoxic stress.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Role of pyrimidine salvage pathway in the maintenance of organellar and nuclear genome integrity

et al. 2018

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“…The highly complex DNA structure that develops during mtDNA replication greatly retards DNA mobility during pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), with large amounts of mtDNA retained in the well-bound (wb) fraction (Oldenburg & Bendich, 1996, 1998Dai et al, 2005;Gerhold et al, 2010). Higher plant mitochondrial genomes (~208 kb to 11.3 mb) are much larger and far more complex than their animal and fungal counterparts (Backert et al, 1997b;Cupp & Nielsen, 2014). Most of these large plant mitochondrial genomes contain repeated DNA sequences (Cupp & Nielsen, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between mtDNA complexity and mtDNA replication mode in developing cotyledon mitochondria during mung bean seed germination

Cheng

Ansari

et al. 2016

New Phytologist

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The currently accepted model of recombination-dependent replication (RDR) in plant mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) does not clearly explain how RDR progresses and how highly complex mtDNA develops. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between RDR and mtDNA complexity during mitochondrial development in mung bean (Vigna radiata) seed, and the initiation and processing of RDR in plant mitochondria. Flow cytometry, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, electron microscopy, real-time PCR and biochemical studies were used in this study. The highly dynamic changes in mtDNA complexity correspond to mtDNA RDR activity throughout mitochondrial development. With in vitro freeze-thaw treatment or prolonged in vivo cold incubation, the mtDNA rosette core disappeared and the rosette structure converted to a much longer linear DNA structure. D-loops, Holliday junctions and putative RDR forks often appeared near the rosette cores. We hypothesize that the rosette core may consist of condensed mtDNA and a replication starting sequence, and play an initial and central role in RDR. The satellite cores in the rosette structure may represent the re-initiation sites of mtDNA RDR in the same parental molecule, thereby forming highly complex and giant mitochondrial molecules, representing the RDR intermediates, in vivo.

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“…Even more spectacularly, within the single genus Silene, mitogenome sizes vary over 40-fold in size, from 253 kb in Silene latifolia (Sloan et al, 2010) to more than 11 Mb in Silene conica (Sloan et al, 2010). Analyses of composition reveal that the size variability of these mitogenomes does not reflect differences in the number of functional genes (Clifton et al, 2004), but rather differences in the intergenic space (Cupp and Nielsen, 2014). The factors contributing to this variation are diverse and include variable accumulation of diverse repeated sequences; inclusion of unknown sequences Bergthorsson et al, 2004;Alverson et al, 2010;Rice et al, 2013); variation in intronic size (Laroche et al, 1997;Satoh et al, 2004); and differences in pseudogene fragment number and size (Knoop, 2013).…”

Section: Characteristics Of Plant Mitochondrialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While recombination in short repeats is rare and has yet to be associated with CMS (Touzet and Meyer, 2014), these repeats may have played other roles in evolution (Andre et al, 1992), leading to other deficiencies such as respiratory impairments (Kitazaki and Kubo, 2010). A final comment is that many nuclear genes, including Msh1 (Abdelnoor et al, 2003;Shedge et al, 2007;Galtier, 2011), RecA2 (Shedge et al, 2007), RecA1/4 (Odahara et al, 2009) and OSB1 (Zaegel et al, 2006), appear to participate in the regulation of recombination events for different repeated sequences (Lillestol et al, 2009;Cupp and Nielsen, 2014;Gualberto and Newton, 2017), which may represent an additional cytonuclear process important in the origin of CMS.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Plant Mitochondrialmentioning

confidence: 99%