Minireview on Bio-Oil Upgrading via Electrocatalytic Hydrogenation: Connecting Biofuel Production with Renewable Power

Lam, Chun Ho; Deng, Wei; Lang, Lin; Jin, Xin; Hu, Xun; Wang, Yi

doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c01380

Cited by 63 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…Catalytic esterification converts organic carboxylic acid into ester with catalyst and alcohol additive, which improves the stability of bio‐oil and reduces corrosivity [17] . Yet, deoxygenation of bio‐oil is not realized [18] . Catalytic cracking is the process of cracking bio‐oil molecules into small molecule hydrocarbons with catalysts at medium temperature and atmospheric pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Upgrading of Bio‐Oil Model Compounds and Bio‐Crude into Biofuel by Electrocatalysis: A Review

Chen

Liang

et al. 2021

ChemSusChem

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Limited availability of fossil energy and serious environmental pollution have caused the emergence of bio‐oil, which can serve as an alternative and promising green energy source. However, bio‐oil generated from the rapid pyrolysis of biomass cannot be utilized immediately owing to its corrosivity, instability, and low heating value. Herein, the electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) process towards bio‐oil upgrading is reviewed. Specifically, the ECH integrates the advantages of mild operating conditions, no petrochemically derived hydrogen and good controllability. The influence of different factors on the conversion of bio‐oil components and product selectivity in the ECH process are presented comprehensively. In addition, various reaction mechanisms are discussed in the designed ECH systems. Finally, some challenges need to be further overcome for real bio‐oil reduction in the ECH process: exploration of efficient multifunctional electrocatalysts for specific bio‐oil components and determination of the dominant steps in the complicated reaction path network.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1)] or organics [Eq. (2)] [18] . The hydrogenation reduction of bio‐crude occurs in the cathode chamber [Eq.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upgrading of Bio‐Oil Model Compounds and Bio‐Crude into Biofuel by Electrocatalysis: A Review

Chen

Liang

et al. 2021

ChemSusChem

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“…As the demand for a sustainable society increases, efforts have been made to develop environmentally friendly methods for chemical production [1]. The electrochemical molecular conversion of redox-active species is one of the useful strategies to synthesize organic molecules in addition to sensor and energy conversion technologies as it can be conducted with electricity from renewable energy sources [2][3][4]. Furthermore, as the electrochemical system can be easily miniaturized, it has advantages, especially for the distributed on-site production of high-value chemicals in on-demand needs [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Molecular Conversion of α-Keto Acid to Amino Acid at a Low Overpotential Using a Nanoporous Gold Catalyst

Mie

Katagai

Mikami

2021

IJMS

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A nanoporous gold (NPG) electrode prepared through a facile anodization technique was employed in the electrochemical reductive amination of biomass-derivable α-keto acids in the presence of a nitrogen source to produce the corresponding amino acids. NPG showed a clear reductive current in the presence of α-keto acid and NH2OH, and the electrolysis experiments confirmed the production of L-amino acid. A reductive voltammetric signal at the NPG electrode appeared at a more positive potential by 0.18–0.79 V, compared with those at the planar-gold electrode without anodization and other previously reported electrode systems, indicating the high activity of the prepared nanostructure for the electrochemical reaction. Maximum Faradaic efficiencies (FEs) of 74–93% in the reductive molecular conversion to amino acids of Ala, Asp, Glu, Gly, and Leu were obtained under the optimized conditions. The FE values were strongly dependent on the applied potential in the electrolysis, suggesting that the hydrogen evolution reaction at the electrode surface was more significant as the applied potential became more negative. The effect of potential at the NPG was lower than that at the planar-gold electrode. These results indicate that nanostructurization decreases the overpotential for the electrochemical reductive amination, resulting in high FE.

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“…Many ash contents exist in the form of chloride salts, the pyrolysis of which produces chloride acids that is both poisonous and corrosive. The presence of inorganic species can also interfere the further refinery of produced bio-oil/bio-crude [21,22]. Due to the side effects of the high ash content of RH, it is essential to conduct pretreatment to remove these components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Leaching and Thermochemical Technologies for Producing High-Value Products from Rice Husk: Leaching of Rice Husk with the Aqueous Phases of Bioliquids

Gao

Karnowo

et al. 2020

Energies

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It remains challenging to develop a techno-economically feasible method to remove alkali and alkaline earth metal species (AAEMs) from rice husk (RH), which is a widely available bioresource across the world. In this study, the AAEMs leaching effect of aqueous phases of both bio-crude prepared by hydrothermal liquefaction (AP-HT) and bio-oil prepared by pyrolysis (AP-Pyro) of RH were systematically investigated. The results indicated that although the acidity of AP-HT and AP-Pyro are much lower than that of HCl, they performed a comparable removal efficiency on AAEMs (Na: 56.2%, K: 96.7%, Mg: 91.0%, Ca: 46.1% for AP-HT, while Na: 58.9%, K: 96.9%, Mg: 94.0%, Ca: 86.3% for AP-Pyro) with HCl. The presence of phenolics in bio-oil could facilitate the penetration of water and organic acids into the inner area of RH cells, thus enhancing the AAEMs removal via chelate reactions. The thermal stability of leached RH during thermochemical conversions was studied via TG and Py-GC-MS. The results showed that the heat conduction efficiency in leached RH was enhanced with a high pyrolysis rate, resulting in a narrow carbon chain distribution (C5–C10) of derived chemical compounds.

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Minireview on Bio-Oil Upgrading via Electrocatalytic Hydrogenation: Connecting Biofuel Production with Renewable Power

Cited by 63 publications

References 100 publications

Upgrading of Bio‐Oil Model Compounds and Bio‐Crude into Biofuel by Electrocatalysis: A Review

Upgrading of Bio‐Oil Model Compounds and Bio‐Crude into Biofuel by Electrocatalysis: A Review

Electrochemical Molecular Conversion of α-Keto Acid to Amino Acid at a Low Overpotential Using a Nanoporous Gold Catalyst

Integrated Leaching and Thermochemical Technologies for Producing High-Value Products from Rice Husk: Leaching of Rice Husk with the Aqueous Phases of Bioliquids

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