Minor physical anomalies and anthropometric measures in schizophrenia: a pilot study from Mexico

Elizarrarás-Rivas, Jesús; Fragoso-Herrera, Rubén; Cerdán-Sánchez, Luis F.; Ramos-Zepeda, Rodolfo; Barajas-Barajas, Leticia Oralia; Troyo-Sanromán, Rogelio; McLean, Duncan; McGrath, John J.

doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(02)00345-6

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Gourion et al [6] reported fused eyebrows as a statistically insignificant item. Concerning the measurements in the eye region, Elizarrarás-Rivas et al [30] found significantly greater ICD and OCD in schizophrenia patients in the Mexican population, as did we in our population -ICD and OCD were statistically greater. The position of the ears was defined differently in our study than in most of the previous studies, considering the level of the lowest point of the earlobe instead [6,31].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Craniofacial measures and minor physical anomalies in patients with schizophrenia in a cohort of Serbian population

et al. 2019

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Introduction/Objective Craniofacial dysmorphology has been shown as the most prominent among physical anomalies in schizophrenia patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the frequency of craniofacial anomalies in Serbian schizophrenia patients. Methods A list of 27 minor physical anomalies (modified Waldrop scale) and nine ratios of craniofacial measures was used to detect the presence of craniofacial dysmorphology in 126 schizophrenia patients and 124 healthy controls. Results Compared to the healthy subjects, schizophrenia patients had significantly higher rates of the following minor physical anomalies: fine hair, two or more hair whorls, fused eyebrows, wide nose basis, low-seated ears, high steepled and high flat palate, and furrowed tongue (most prevalent were vertical fissures and diffusely distributed fissures) with significance of p ≤ 0.001. The best predicting parameters for distinguishing between schizophrenics and controls were the inner canthus distance, the outer canthus distance, hair whorls (all at level p = 0.000), and high steepled palate (p ≤ 0.001). ConclusionThe results of the present study confirm the neurodevelopmental concept of schizophrenia, being potentially useful for further psychiatric-anthropological research. Clinical significance is reflected in the possibility of monitoring the potential mental illness in childhood through potential ectodermal markers, as well as the possibility of their comparison with the psychological profile in early adolescence.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Craniofacial measures and minor physical anomalies in patients with schizophrenia in a cohort of Serbian population

et al. 2019

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“…A growing body of evidence indicates that disturbed prenatal development significantly increases risk of schizophrenia, in at least some individuals (1, 2). This observation is supported by multiple studies demonstrating that adults with schizophrenia have increased rates of anomaly across a range of markers of disturbed prenatal development, including atypical dermatoglyphic patterns (3, 4), neurological soft signs (5, 6) and subtle anomalies of craniofacial regions (7–9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Overall, the results of this study are largely consistent with previous studies of craniofacial regions in schizophrenia. The majority of existing studies have shown that individuals with schizophrenia have increased craniofacial dysmorphology compared with controls (7–9, 11, 13, 14). Anomalies of ear shape and anomalies of mouth and hard palate, in particular, have been consistently associated with schizophrenia both in early studies (7) and in more recent work (8, 14), as well as the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Craniofacial dysmorphology in Swedish schizophrenia patients

Kelly¹,

Lane²,

Agartz³

et al. 2005

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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“…Simple linear anthropometric measurements which were made with measuring tapes and calipers have shown that schizophrenic patients had more craniofacial disproportionality than had the healthy controls and that this deviation have elongation of the mid and the lower facial regions [4][5][6]. Henriksson KM et al, [10] used a 3 D morphometric MRI method and found that the schizophrenic male patients had significantly longer mid and lower facial heights.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The detailed model of the neurodevelopmental basis [2] of schizophrenia which was put forth on the basis the quantitative measurements of various facial diameters (craniofacial dysmorphological study) showed that these neurodevelopmental disorders are often concentrated in the craniofacial region of schizophrenia. So, an early assessment of the physical developmental anomalies may indicate potential clues of these neurodevelopmental disorders like schizophrenia [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropometerical Association of the Craniofacial Dysmorphology with Schizophrenia

Mishra

Sharma²,

Kulsreshtha³

et al. 2012

JCDR

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Background: Dysmorphology is more concentrated in the craniofacial region of Schizophrenic Patients. So, an early anthropometric assessment of the physical dimensions of the cranium and the face may indicate a potential clue of Schizophrenia. Aims:To study the craniofacial dysmorphology in schizophrenic patients and in healthy controls of the Agra region and to find out whether its evaluation could be used as a tool in the early diagnosis of schizophrenia. Setting and Design:This was a case-control, cross-sectional study . Subjects and Methods: Schizophrenic Patients well diagnosedby consultant psychiatrists on the basis of the DSM IV criteria of the S.N. Medical College Agra and the Institute of Mental health, Agra and healthy controls of Agra were selected for the study. The total facial height (trichion to gnathion), the upper facial height (trichion to subnasale) and the lower facial height (subnasale to gnathion) were measured among the various groups of patients and the controls. The mean data were statistically correlated by using the t test for the independent variables.

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Minor physical anomalies and anthropometric measures in schizophrenia: a pilot study from Mexico

Cited by 20 publications

References 5 publications

Craniofacial measures and minor physical anomalies in patients with schizophrenia in a cohort of Serbian population

Craniofacial measures and minor physical anomalies in patients with schizophrenia in a cohort of Serbian population

Craniofacial dysmorphology in Swedish schizophrenia patients

Anthropometerical Association of the Craniofacial Dysmorphology with Schizophrenia

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