2020
DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152206
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Minor Physical Anomalies in Bipolar Disorder

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Cited by 4 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…We see as an important result, that relatives of bipolar I patients showed a higher frequency of MPAs in the eye, head and the mouth regions and one phenogenetic variant (high arched palate) was more prevalent in this group of individuals. Previous findings suggested, that anomalies of the head and the mouth may have more relevance to the hypothetical neurodevelopmental failure in patients with several neuropsychiatric disorders ( 2 , 8 , 12 , 15 , 24 26 ). In our previous study on the higher prevalence of minor physical anomalies among healthy schizophrenia relatives ( 9 ), in harmony with the results of Tikka et al ( 26 ), we reported that MPAs in the craniofacial region were significantly higher in the first-degree relative group than the healthy control group.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 97%
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“…We see as an important result, that relatives of bipolar I patients showed a higher frequency of MPAs in the eye, head and the mouth regions and one phenogenetic variant (high arched palate) was more prevalent in this group of individuals. Previous findings suggested, that anomalies of the head and the mouth may have more relevance to the hypothetical neurodevelopmental failure in patients with several neuropsychiatric disorders ( 2 , 8 , 12 , 15 , 24 26 ). In our previous study on the higher prevalence of minor physical anomalies among healthy schizophrenia relatives ( 9 ), in harmony with the results of Tikka et al ( 26 ), we reported that MPAs in the craniofacial region were significantly higher in the first-degree relative group than the healthy control group.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…As our group ( 4 , 6 10 ) and others ( 11 , 12 ) have discussed earlier, differences and contradictions between studies on minor physical anomalies among adults and children with different neuropsychiatric disorders, may be associated, partly, with the problems in the use of the Waldrop-scale for the detection of these signs. The Waldrop-scale contains only 18 minor physical anomalies ( 13 ) while in recent genetic and pediatric literature more than 50 anomalies have been listed ( 1 , 2 , 8 , 12 ). A major problem with the Waldrop-scale that it makes no distinction between minor malformations, which arise during organogenesis and phenogenetic variants, which appear after organogenesis ( 1 , 2 , 7 ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 83%
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“…There are structural neuroimaging studies (44,45) also investigating the neurodevelopmental theory of the etiology of BPD. Brain development happens in a hierarchical and sequential way, and there is a critical period of vulnerability to teratogens of each organ that may result in developmental disorder.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Lower IQ ( 41 ), delayed attainment of developmental milestones ( 42 ), emotional problems, and interpersonal difficulties ( 43 ) have also been implicated as premorbid neurobehavioral precursors. There are structural neuroimaging studies ( 44 , 45 ) also investigating the neurodevelopmental theory of the etiology of BPD.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%