Minor stimulation of soil carbon storage by nitrogen addition: A meta-analysis

Meng, Lei; Zhou, Xuhui; Luo, Yiqi; Yang, Yuanhe; Fang, Changming; Chen, Jiakuan; Li, Bo

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2010.12.010

Cited by 425 publications

(369 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…The increased activity of C-acquiring enzymes such as BG should be related to higher C losses (and not C gains) from soils due to potential increases in both soil decomposition and respiration rates (Allison et al 2010). It could be that C accrual in our grassland soils partly results from the N-induced suppression of heterotrophic respiration (Janssens et al 2010;Lu et al 2011) and the inhibition of some extracellular enzyme activities (Ramirez et al 2012), including the activity of lignin-degrading enzymes as has been observed in forest ecosystems. Grandy et al (2008) found that although chronic N deposition can stimulate BG activity it could also increase the ratio of lignin derivatives to polysaccharides, which is ultimately related to C accrual in forest soils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies show that N inputs can have positive effects on total soil C stocks (Fornara et al 2013) and on the C content of both organic (Song et al 2014) and mineral soils (Liu and Greaver 2010;Fornara and Tilman 2012). Other studies show that N fertilization has no effect on the C content of bulk soils (Zeglin et al 2007) or on the C content of organic and mineral soils (Lu et al 2011). Such high soil C variability in response to N fertilization may depend on several environmental factors including differences in climate, soil and litter biochemical composition, management history, N addition rates and the time interval (years) to which soils have been exposed to chronic N additions; it may also depend on soil mineralogy and the reactivity of soil minerals (Sulman et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic nitrogen fertilization and carbon sequestration in grassland soils: evidence of a microbial enzyme link

et al. 2015

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Chronic nitrogen (N) fertilization can greatly affect soil carbon (C) sequestration by altering biochemical interactions between plant detritus and soil microbes. In lignin-rich forest soils, chronic N additions tend to increase soil C content partly by decreasing the activity of lignin-degrading enzymes. In cellulose-rich grassland soils it is not clear whether cellulose-degrading enzymes are also inhibited by N additions and what consequences this might have on changes in soil C content. Here we address whether chronic N fertilization has affected (1) the C content of light versus heavier soil fractions, and (2) the activity of four extracellular enzymes including the C-acquiring enzyme b-1,4-glucosidase (BG; necessary for cellulose hydrolysis). We found that 19 years of chronic N-only addition to permanent grassland have significantly increased soil C sequestration in heavy but not in light soil density fractions, and this C accrual was associated with a significant increase (and not decrease) of BG activity. Chronic N fertilization may increase BG activity because greater N availability reduces root C:N ratios thus increasing microbial demand for C, which is met by C inputs from enhanced root C pools in N-only fertilized soils. However, BG activity and total root mass strongly decreased in high pH soils under the application of lime (i.e. CaCO 3 ), which reduced the ability of these organo-mineral soils to gain more C per units of N added. Our study is the first to show a potential 'enzyme link' between (1) long-term additions of inorganic N to grassland soils, and (2) the greater C content of organo-mineral soil fractions. Our new hypothesis is that the 'enzyme link' occurs because (a) BG activity is stimulated by increased microbial C demand relative to N under chronic fertilization, and (b) increased BG activity causes more C from roots and from microbial Responsible Editor: Sharon A. Billings. Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic nitrogen fertilization and carbon sequestration in grassland soils: evidence of a microbial enzyme link

et al. 2015

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“…Much research has been devoted to understanding how N deposition affects SOC storage in temperate ecosystems (Liu and Greaver, 2010;Lu et al, 2011), and the mechanisms that mediate such changes (Li et al, 2015b). If increased N deposition stimulates plant productivity, inputs to the soil from leaf or root litter may increase.…”

Section: Ecosystem Processes: Soil Carbon Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient addition effects on tropical dry forests: a mini-review from microbial to ecosystem scales

et al. 2015

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Humans have more than doubled inputs of reactive nitrogen globally and greatly accelerated the biogeochemical cycles of phosphorus and metals. However, the impacts of increased element mobility on tropical ecosystems remain poorly quantified, particularly for the vast tropical dry forest biome. Tropical dry forests are characterized by marked seasonality, relatively little precipitation, and high heterogeneity in plant functional diversity and soil chemistry. For these reasons, increased nutrient deposition may affect tropical dry forests differently than wet tropical or temperate forests. Here, we review studies that investigated how nutrient availability affects ecosystem and community processes from the microsite to ecosystem scales in tropical dry forests. The effects of N and P addition on ecosystem carbon cycling and plant and microbial dynamics depend on forest successional stage, soil parent material, and rainfall regime. Responses may depend on whether overall productivity is N-vs. P-limited, although data to test this hypothesis are limited. These results highlight the many important gaps in our understanding of tropical dry forest responses to global change. Large-scale experiments are required to resolve these uncertainties.

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“…Reactive nitrogen (N) content in the atmosphere and N deposition rate globally caused by human activities has increased by 11 fold and 2.5 fold since the 1860s, respectively [3]. Overall, the increased N deposition input to terrestrial ecosystems improves the net primary productivity, but inhibits CH 4 uptake and promotes N 2 O emission in soils [4,5]. Considering the effects of N deposition on soil CH 4 uptake and N 2 O emission, the carbon sequestration potential elicited by N deposition would be offset from 53% to 76% [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between ammonia-oxidizing communities, soil methane uptake and nitrous oxide fluxes in a subtropical plantation soil with nitrogen enrichment

Wang

Cheng

Fang

et al. 2016

European Journal of Soil Biology

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a b s t r a c tAmmonia-oxidizers play an essential role in nitrogen (N) transformation and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emission in forest soils. It remains unclear if ammonia-oxidizers affect interaction between methane (CH 4 ) uptake and N 2 O emission. Our specific goal was to test the impacts of changes in ammoniaoxidizing communities elicited by N enrichment on soil CH 4 uptake and N 2 O emission. Based on a field experiment, two-forms (NH 4 Cl and NaNO 3 ) and two levels (40 and 120 kg N ha À1 yr À1 ) of N were applied in the subtropical plantation forest of southern China. Soil CH 4 and N 2 O fluxes, the abundance and structure of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) communities were measured using static chamber-gas chromatography, quantitative PCR (qPCR), and terminalrestriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). Nitrogen addition tended to inhibit soil CH 4 uptake, but significantly promoted soil N 2 O emission; moreover, these impacts were more significant with NH 4 þ À N than with NO 3 À À N addition. NH 4 Cl addition significantly changed ammonia-oxidizer abundance with an increase in AOA and a decrease in AOB. Nitrogen additions significantly decreased the relative abundance of 329 bp and 421 bp of archaeal amoA gene. Negative relationships occurred between soil CH 4 uptake and AOA abundance and between soil CH 4 uptake and AOA/AOB ratio; however, a positive relationship was found between soil N 2 O emission and AOA abundance. These results indicate that a shift in abundance and composition of ammonia-oxidizing communities is closely linked to changes in soil CH 4 uptake and N 2 O emission under N enrichment. Furthermore, AOA communities play a contrasting role from AOB communities for regulating the fluctuation between soil CH 4 and N 2 O fluxes.

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Minor stimulation of soil carbon storage by nitrogen addition: A meta-analysis

Cited by 425 publications

References 76 publications

Chronic nitrogen fertilization and carbon sequestration in grassland soils: evidence of a microbial enzyme link

Chronic nitrogen fertilization and carbon sequestration in grassland soils: evidence of a microbial enzyme link

Nutrient addition effects on tropical dry forests: a mini-review from microbial to ecosystem scales

Relationships between ammonia-oxidizing communities, soil methane uptake and nitrous oxide fluxes in a subtropical plantation soil with nitrogen enrichment

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