Minority spin condensate in the spin-polarized superfluid 3He A1 phase

Yamaguchi, Akira; Kobayashi, Shun–ichi; Ishimoto, Hidehiko; Kojima, H.

doi:10.1038/nature05391

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…13) Evidence for this prediction was found recently in the temperature dependence of spin relaxation rate. 14) At low applied magnetic field, the temperature width of A 1 phase increased linearly with the polarization in agreement with the field dependence of Landau parameters. 15) How the inevitable departure from the linearity in the phase width with field will appear is of great interest in both experimental and theoretical studies.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Bastea et al proposed that the presence of minority spin condensate would result in the observed excess attenuation. 11) Since the original proposal, Yamaguchi et al 14) did indeed find an independent corroborating evidence for the existence of minority spin condensate in their spin relaxation time measurement. The origin of the frequency dependence of Q À1 m is not understood.…”

Section: Anomalous Attenuationmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…93) This experiment has not yet been attempted. An important conclusion in our MFE experiments 14) is the existence of the minority spin condensate in the A 1 phase. A definitive confirmation of the minority spin condensate is needed and the observation of longitudinal magnetic resonance 13) in A 1 phase would provide such confirmation.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The observed behavior of relaxation time near T c2 could be explained by combining the LT theory 46) and the presence of minority spin pairs in A 1 phase as predicted by MT. 13,14) The LT mechanisms of spin relaxation becomes applicable to A 1 phase when both up-and downspin pairs are present. The dependences of relaxation time on temperature, pressure and magnetic field appeared qualitatively in accord with the theories.…”

Section: Relaxation Of Magnetic Fountain Pressure: a Puzzlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…86) 3.5.3 Recent experiments: Evidence for minority spin condensate For the purposes of eliminating the interface effects and of increasing the applied field, a new series of experiments were carried with a new design of MFE apparatus. 14,[86][87][88] In the new design, the differential pressure sensor was placed on the same side as the superleak. The superleak dimensions were characterized by observing the normal liquid 3 He flow relaxation as a function of temperature.…”

Section: Relaxation Of Magnetic Fountain Pressure: a Puzzlementioning

confidence: 99%

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Spin Polarized Superfluid³He A₁

Kojima

Ishimoto

2008

J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.

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Under applied magnetic field, the originally single superfluid 3 He transition near 3 mK in zero field splits into two transitions between which a new A 1 phase emerges. The two second order transitions are marked by abrupt changes in viscosity, zero sound attenuation and nuclear magnetic resonance. To date, the maximum magnetic field for producing A 1 phase is 15 T. The A 1 phase has been identified with a spin-polarized (ferromagnetic) superfluid system which breaks the relative symmetry between spin, orbit and gauge spaces. A superfluid mass current in A 1 is simultaneously a spin current resulting in the propagation of spin-entropy wave. Experiments with spin-entropy wave provide measurements of anisotropic superfluid density and strong coupling parameters, spin diffusion coefficient and texture transformations. Owing to the spin-polarized nature, superflows may be generated by applied magnetic field gradients and measured from the induced magnetic fountain pressure. The mechanical spin density detector is developed to measure the spin relaxation in A 1 phase. The observed unexpected temperature dependence of the spin relaxation time gives evidence that the A 1 phase contains a small amount of the predicted minority spin condensate from dipolar interaction energy.KEYWORDS: spin-polarized system, superfluid 3 He, magnetic fountain effect, spin pump, second sound, high magnetic field

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Anomalous Attenuationmentioning

confidence: 94%