MIPAS IMK/IAA carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) retrieval and first comparison with other instruments

Eckert, E.; Clarmann, T. von; Laeng, Alexandra; Stiller, G. P.; Funke, B.; Glatthor, N.; Grabowski, U.; Kellmann, S.; Kiefer, Michael; Linden, A.; Babenhauserheide, Arne; Wetzel, G.; Boone, Christopher D.; Engel, Andreas; Harrison, Jeremy J.; Sheese, Patrick E.; Walker, Kaley A.; Bernath, P. F.

doi:10.5194/amt-10-2727-2017

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Possible changes in the intensity of the BDC as a consequence of climate change have been proposed by, e.g., Butchart et al (2006). This triggered observation-based studies by Engel et al (2009), using balloon-borne observations, and Stiller et al (2012b), as well as Haenel et al (2015), using satellite data. These studies based on satellite data suggest that the true picture of the middle atmospheric circulation is more detailed and too complicated to be fully characterized by a scalar intensity of the circulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The middle atmospheric meridional circulation for 2002–2012 derived from MIPAS observations

et al. 2021

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Abstract. Measurements of long-lived trace gases (SF6, CFC-11, CFC-12, HCFC-22, CCl4, N2O, CH4, H2O, and CO) performed with the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) have been used to infer the stratospheric and mesospheric meridional circulation. The MIPAS data set covers the time period from July 2002 to April 2012. The method used for this purpose was the direct inversion of the two-dimensional continuity equation for the concentrations of trace gases and air density. This inversion predicts an “effective velocity” that gives the best fit for the evolution of the concentrations on the assumption that an explicit treatment of Fickian diffusion can be neglected. These effective velocity fields are used to characterize the mean meridional circulation. Multiannual monthly mean effective velocity fields are presented, along with their variabilities. According to this measure, the stratospheric circulation is found to be highly variable over the year, with a quite robust annual cycle. The new method allows us to track the evolution of various circulation patterns over the year in more detail than before. According to the effective velocity characterization of the circulation, the deep branch of the Brewer–Dobson circulation and the mesospheric overturning pole-to-pole circulation are not separate but intertwined phenomena. The latitude of stratospheric uplift in the middle and upper stratosphere is found to be quite variable and is not always found at equatorial latitudes. The usual schematic of stratospheric circulation with the deep and the shallow branch of the Brewer–Dobson circulation and the mesospheric overturning circulation is an idealization which best describes the observed atmosphere around equinox. Sudden stratospheric warmings and the quasi-biennial oscillation cause a pronounced year-to-year variability of the meridional circulation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The middle atmospheric meridional circulation for 2002–2012 derived from MIPAS observations

et al. 2021

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“…The altitude coverage of useable tangent altitudes in the nominal measurement mode of MIPAS ranges from cloud top altitude to the middle mesosphere. Data products relevant to this study are temperature and H 2 O(von Clarmann et al, 2003(von Clarmann et al, , 2009, CH 4 and N 2 O(Plieninger et al, 2015),CFC-11, CFC-12 (Kellmann et al, 2012), HCFC-22(Chirkov et al, 2016), CCl 4(Eckert et al, 2017), SF 6(Stiller et al, 2012b;Haenel et al, 2015), andCO Funke et al (2009). The products have been widely validated, e.g., byStiller et al (2012a); Plieninger et al (2016); Eckert et al (2016), just to name a few.…”

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An observation-based climatology of middle atmospheric meridional circulation

Clarmann

Grabowski

Stiller

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Measurements of long-lived trace gases (SF6, CFC-11, CFC-12, HCFC-12, CCl4, N2O, CH4, H2O, and CO) performed with the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) have been used to infer the stratospheric and mesospheric meridional circulation. The MIPAS data set covers the time period from July 2002 to April 2012. The method used for this purpose was the direct inversion of the two-dimensional continuity equation. Monthly climatologies of circulation fields are presented along with their variabilities. Stratospheric circulation is found to be highly variable over the year, with a quite robust annual cycle. The new method allows to track the evolution of various circulation patterns over the year in more detail than before.The deep branch of the Brewer-Dobson circulation and the mesospheric overturning pole-to-pole circulation are no separate but intertwined phenomena. The latitude of stratospheric uplift in the middle and upper stratosphere is found to be quite variable and is not always found at tropical latitudes. The usual schematic of stratospheric circulation with the deep and the shallow branch of the Brewer-Dobson circulation and the mesospheric overturning circulation is an idealization which best describes the observed atmosphere around Equinox. Sudden stratospheric warmings cause increased year-to year variability.

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Version 8 IMK/IAA MIPAS measurements of CFC-11, CFC-12, and HCFC-22

Stiller,

von Clarmann,

Glatthor

et al. 2024

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) on Envisat provided infrared limb emission spectra, which were used to infer global distributions of CFC-11, CFC-12, and HCFC-22. Spectra were analysed using constrained non-linear least-squares fitting. Changes with respect to earlier data versions refer to the use of version 8 spectra, the altitude range where the background continuum is considered, details of the regularization and microwindow selection, and the occasional joint fitting of interfering species, the use of new spectroscopic data, the joint fit of a tangent-height-dependent spectral offset, and the use of 2D temperature fields. In the lower stratosphere the error budget is dominated by uncertainties in spectroscopic data, while above this measurement noise is the leading error source. The vertical resolution of CFC-11 and CFC-12 is 2–3 km near the tropopause, about 4 km at 30 km altitude, and 6–10 km at 50 km. The vertical resolution of HCFC-22 is somewhat coarser, 3–4 km at the tropopause and 10–12 km at 35 km altitude. In the altitude range of interest, the horizontal resolution is typically limited by the horizontal sampling of the measurements, not by the smearing of the retrievals. Horizontal information displacement does not exceed 150 km, which can become an issue only for comparisons with model simulations with high horizontal resolution or localized in situ observations. Along with the regular data product, an alternative representation of the data on a coarser vertical grid is offered. These data can be used without consideration of the averaging kernels. The new data version provides improvement with respect to reduction of biases and improved consistency between the full- and reduced-resolution mission period of MIPAS.

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MIPAS IMK/IAA carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) retrieval and first comparison with other instruments

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

The middle atmospheric meridional circulation for 2002–2012 derived from MIPAS observations

The middle atmospheric meridional circulation for 2002–2012 derived from MIPAS observations

An observation-based climatology of middle atmospheric meridional circulation

Version 8 IMK/IAA MIPAS measurements of CFC-11, CFC-12, and HCFC-22

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