miR‐124‐3p increases in high glucose induced osteocyte‐derived exosomes and regulates galectin‐3 expression: A possible mechanism in bone remodeling alteration in diabetic periodontitis

Abstract

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The effect of initial periodontal treatment on gingival crevicular fluid galectin‐3 levels in participants with periodontal disease

“…45 In an animal model, it was examined a possible effect of galectin-3, as a factor in DM and bone metabolism, on periodontitis with or without DM and shown that osteocyte-derived exosomes carrying miR-124-3p may regulate galectin-3 expression of osteoblasts, especially under high-glucose conditions, suggesting a possible mechanism for DM-related alveolar bone pathologies. 46 In this study, the amount of GCF galectin-3 reached the highest values in periodontitis and the lowest values in periodontal health. In addition, it decreased with initial periodontal treatment, and this is the first clinical study in the literature to show its relationship with periodontal disease.…”

“…Galectin‐3 acts as chemokine, induces monocyte and macrophage migration, contributes to the development of natural and adaptive immune responses, and participates in phagocytosis of macrophages and some microorganisms through intracellular mechanisms, supporting that it may be a positive regulator of the inflammatory response 45 . In an animal model, it was examined a possible effect of galectin‐3, as a factor in DM and bone metabolism, on periodontitis with or without DM and shown that osteocyte‐derived exosomes carrying miR‐124‐3p may regulate galectin‐3 expression of osteoblasts, especially under high‐glucose conditions, suggesting a possible mechanism for DM‐related alveolar bone pathologies 46 . In this study, the amount of GCF galectin‐3 reached the highest values in periodontitis and the lowest values in periodontal health.…”

Galectin-3: a key player in microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's disease

“…Gal-3 expression can be regulated by promoter hypermethylation of the LGALS3 gene and several elements in this promoter, including putative Sp1 binding sites (GC boxes), cAMP-dependent response element (CRE) motifs, sisinducible element (SIE), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-like sites and consensus basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) core sequences [20]. Previous studies have shown that Gal-3 expression could be downregulated by miR-124-3p from osteocyte-derived exosomes [21] and Krüppel-like factor 3 (KLF-3) [22] and upregulated by Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) [23].…”

A Comprehensive Analysis of the circRNA–miRNA–mRNA Network in Osteocyte-Like Cell Associated with Mycobacterium Leprae Infection

“…Western blots were performed as previously described 23 . Brie y, total protein extracts were prepared in RIPA buffer, which contained inhibitors of proteases and phosphatases.…”

“…Immunohistochemistry was performed as previously described 23 . Brie y, right femurs were xed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 24-48 h, decalci ed in 10% EDTA for 21 d, and embedded in para n. Decalci ed right femur sections 5 μm thick were depara nized in turpentine, 3% H 2 O 2 was used to suppress endogenous peroxidase activity, and the sections were treated with 0.1% trypsin for antigen retrieval.…”