miR-16-1 expression, heat shock protein 70 and inflammatory reactions in astrocytes of mice with epilepsy induced by encephalitis B virus infection

Abstract

The upregulation of miR-16-1 expression and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and inflammatory reaction mechanism in astrocytes of mice with epilepsy induced by encephalitis B virus infection were studied. Six-to-eight-week-old healthy male C57BL/6 mice received intraperitoneal injection of pilocarpine (320–340 mg/kg, 40 mg/ml) to induce status epilepsy. After 7 days, mice were inoculated with 100 µl Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) in the neck, including 6.25×23 PFU Japanese encephalitis virus P3 wild strain. The experiment was divided into 4 groups, including, the healthy control group, the epilepsy model group, the model group + negative inoculation group and the virus infection group with 10 mice in each group. The healthy control group received intraperitoneal injection of the same amount of normal saline; the model group + negative inoculation group was injected with the same amount of DMEM without P3. One and three days after infection, 5 mice from each group were sacrificed, hippocampus tissues were obtained and astrocytes were isolated. After purification, glial fibrillary acidic protein was identified by immunohistochemical staining. Infected glial cells were detected by P3 antigen of immunofluorescence staining. RT-PCR method was used to detect the expression of miR-16-1 mRNA in astrocytes. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of HSP70. ELISA method was used to detect the levels of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inflammatory factors in tail vein blood. Level of expression of miR-16-1 mRNA, HSP70 as well as IL-6, TNF-α and NF-κB inflammatory factor levels of virus infected mice of 1 and 3 days were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of model group and negative inoculation group and lowest in control group. In conclusion, the level of expression of miR-16-1 and HSP70 can be increased by the infection of Japanese encephalitis virus on the astrocytes of mice with epilepsy, to promote the expression of IL-6, TNF-α and NF-κB of inflammatory factors.

Exosomal microRNA‐16‐5p from human urine‐derived stem cells ameliorates diabetic nephropathy through protection of podocyte

“…For instance, overexpressed miR‐124a reduced the expression of MCP‐1, miR‐16 suppressed the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by TGF‐β1 in non–small‐cell lung carcinoma cells (NSCLC) and miR‐16 decreased the expression of TNF by Bcl‐2 in liver failure. 30 , 31 , 32 Additionally, increased miR‐16‐1 and TNF‐α expression has been detected in the astrocytes of epilepsy mice, 33 which although contradictory to the findings of our study, emphasized the regulatory role of miR‐16 and TNF‐α.…”

Inhibition of microRNA-103a inhibits the activation of astrocytes in hippocampus tissues and improves the pathological injury of neurons of epilepsy rats by regulating BDNF

“…According to the study of IL-6-deficient mice, IL-6 plays a role as a neuroprotective factor in epileptic brain injury [49]. Furthermore, IL-6 and TNF-α were also selected as representatives of inflammatory injury in epileptic rats [50]. Therefore, this study also detected the expression of inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α in epileptic rats.…”

Arbovirus and seizures

“…Research by Yao et al showed that the expression of miR-16-1 and heat shock protein 70 was upregulated in astrocytes during the occurrence of epilepsy after JEV infection [16]. Another case report led by Ma et al showed that JEV infection can trigger anti-N-methyl-Daspartate receptor encephalitis [17].…”