“…Long-term exposure to different mycotoxins and/or their metabolites can cause acute poisoning, cancer, and other serious illness and adverse biological effects including growth impairment (Fernández-Cruz, Mansilla, & Tadeo, 2010;Rawal, Kim, & Coulombe, 2010). Meanwhile, the roles of miRNAs in the control of almost all cellular functions and alterations of their expression/activity may be associated with various pathological conditions including metabolic diseases and cancers such as Alzheimer's disease (Millan, 2017), kidney diseases (Weber, Himmelfarb, & Kelly, 2017), breast cancer (Sayeed et al, 2017), lung cancer (Ahmadi, Khansarinejad, Hosseinkhani, Ghanei, & Mowla, 2017), and liver diseases (Lauschke, Mkrtchian, & Ingelman-Sundberg, 2017), especially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (Dutta & Mahato, 2017). Accordingly, both miRNA and diseases may relate to mycotoxins (Table 3).…”