miR-21 alters circulating Treg function in vascular disease—hope for restoring immunoregulatory responses in atherosclerosis?

Hackett, Emer E.; Sheedy, Frederick J.

doi:10.21037/atm.2016.12.72

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…We detected small but significantly elevated frequencies of Treg cells upon loss of miR-21. This finding is consistent with previous reports that identified miR-21 to modulate Foxp3 transcription factor levels and frequency of circulating Treg cells ( 25 – 27 ). In conclusion, these data suggest that loss of miR-21 does not result in substantial defects in physiological T-cell development.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

miRNA miR-21 Is Largely Dispensable for Intrathymic T-Cell Development

et al. 2018

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Development of T cells in the thymus is tightly controlled to continually produce functional, but not autoreactive, T cells. miRNAs provide a layer of post-transcriptional gene regulation to this process, but the role of many individual miRNAs in T-cell development remains unclear. miR-21 is prominently expressed in immature thymocytes followed by a steep decline in more mature cells. We hypothesized that such a dynamic expression was indicative of a regulatory function in intrathymic T-cell development. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed T-cell development in miR-21-deficient mice at steady state and under competitive conditions in mixed bone-marrow chimeras. We complemented analysis of knock-out animals by employing over-expression in vivo. Finally, we assessed miR-21 function in negative selection in vivo as well as differentiation in co-cultures. Together, these experiments revealed that miR-21 is largely dispensable for physiologic T-cell development. Given that miR-21 has been implicated in regulation of cellular stress responses, we assessed a potential role of miR-21 in endogenous regeneration of the thymus after sublethal irradiation. Again, miR-21 was completely dispensable in this process. We concluded that, despite prominent and highly dynamic expression in thymocytes, miR-21 expression was not required for physiologic T-cell development or endogenous regeneration.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

miRNA miR-21 Is Largely Dispensable for Intrathymic T-Cell Development

et al. 2018

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“… 30 31 These data indirectly support our speculation about the crucial role of miR-21-5p in the occurrence of VC in ESRD patients. In patients with cerebrovascular diseases, miR-21-5p expression has been increasingly observed, suggesting the induction of miR-21 in the progression of atherosclerosis, 32 which could contribute to the progression of VC. 28 Interestingly, miR-21-5p appears to play a regulatory role in VSMC proliferation and phenotype transformation, a potential mechanism of VC in ESRD patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Significance of miR-21-5p in Predicting Occurrence and Progression of Uremic Vascular Calcification in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease

Zhou

Liu

et al. 2022

Yonsei Med J

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Purpose Vascular calcification (VC) is a common complication of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This study aimed to examine changes in the expression of miR-21-5p in ESRD patients with VC and to explore its clinical value in predicting the occurrence and progression of uremic VC. Materials and Methods 120 ESRD patients were divided into patients without VC group (n=38) and patients with VC group (n=82). All patients were followed up for 2 years to evaluate VC progression. qRT-PCR was used to detect serum miR-21-5p levels. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to assess diagnostic value. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank methods were utilized to calculate associations between VC progression and risk factors. Results Serum miR-21-5p levels were significantly higher in ESRD patients with VC than in those without VC and increased progressively with increasing disease severity. Serum miR-21-5p levels were able to distinguish patients with VC from those without VC, with an area under the curve value of 0.883, a sensitivity of 81.7%, and a specificity of 84.2%. After 2 years of follow-up, miR-21-5p expression had increased in patients with worse VC severity, compared with those with stable VC severity. Patients with high miR-21-5p levels were more likely to develop more severe VC, indicating an association between miR-21-5p and VC progression (log-rank p =0.002). Multivariable Cox regression analysis suggested that serum miR-21-5p is an independent predictive factor of VC progression in ESRD patients (hazard ratio=2.064, 95% confidence interval=1.225–3.478, p =0.006). Conclusion miR-21-5p is overexpressed in the serum of ESRD patients with VC. Our results suggest that overexpression of miR-21-5p is closely associated with VC progression.

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“…iii. miR-21 is an important regulator of (fork head box-P3) FoXP-3 Treg cells [1578,1616,2202,2193,1618,1615]. iv.…”

Section: 4) Mir-21mentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-COV-2 acts as a test of Air Pollution, Lifestyle Disorders and Immune Tolerance dysregulation in human body

Karthik¹

2021

Preprint

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SARS-COV-2 is reported to be associated with severe immune dysregulation, delayed humoral responses and accelerated innate immune response mediated damages. As the pandemic is turning the world upside down, In order to address this disease we should first get an insight into the mechanism of action through which SARS-COV-2 is achieving the above said dysregulating or modulating effects on human immune system. T his article presents the basic or skeletal mechanism through which SARS-COV-2 dysregulates immune system by targeting innate immune system, adaptive immune system and different immune tolerance check points by dysregulating different miRNA’s and the preexisting conditions or comorbidities of the patients. This article comprises of the comparative and comprehensive literature review targeting all topics with the data available/reported till date in the scientific community.

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miR-21 alters circulating Treg function in vascular disease—hope for restoring immunoregulatory responses in atherosclerosis?

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

miRNA miR-21 Is Largely Dispensable for Intrathymic T-Cell Development

miRNA miR-21 Is Largely Dispensable for Intrathymic T-Cell Development

Clinical Significance of miR-21-5p in Predicting Occurrence and Progression of Uremic Vascular Calcification in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease

SARS-COV-2 acts as a test of Air Pollution, Lifestyle Disorders and Immune Tolerance dysregulation in human body

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