miR-429-3p/LPIN1 Axis Promotes Chicken Abdominal Fat Deposition via PPARγ Pathway

Abstract

To explore the regulatory mechanism of abdominal fat deposition in broilers, 100-day-old Sanhuang chickens (n = 12) were divided into high-fat and low-fat groups, according to the abdominal fat ratio size. Total RNA isolated from the 12 abdominal fat tissues was used for miRNA and mRNA sequencing. Results of miRNA and mRNA sequencing revealed that miR-429-3p was highly expressed in high-fat chicken whereas LPIN1 expression was downregulated. Further, we determined that miR-429-3p promoted preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation, whereas LPIN1 exerted an opposite effect. Notably, we found that the miR-429-3p/LPIN1 axis facilitated PPARγ pathway activation, which is closely associated with the progression of adipogenesis. In conclusion, our results provide evidence that a novel miR-429-3p/LPIN1 axis is involved in the regulation of adipogenesis, which may have a guiding role in the improvement of breeding for abdominal fat traits in broiler chickens.

Effects of Dietary Probiotic (Bacillus subtilis) Supplementation on Carcass Traits, Meat Quality, Amino Acid, and Fatty Acid Profile of Broiler Chickens

“…This is probably because the beneficial effects of B. subtilis in broilers were markedly strain-dependent ( 7 , 32 ). Abdominal fat is an important index used to measure lipid deposition in broilers ( 33 , 34 ). Excessive fat deposition is undesirable, because it degrades meat quality, decreases feed efficiency, and increases production and health costs ( 35 , 36 ).…”

Chicken Protein S Gene Regulates Adipogenesis and Affects Abdominal Fat Deposition

“…An accumulation of abdominal fat in chickens is correlated with changes in diet and causes great economic loss to the chicken industry. In our previous study [ 15 ], transcriptome sequencing was performed for high and low abdominal fat rates in 100-day-old Sanhuang broilers (accession ID: PRJNA656618), and we found that PROS1 was aberrantly upregulated in the abdominal fat tissues of the low-abdominal fat broilers ( Figure 1 A). qPCR validation was performed to confirm the difference in mRNA expression of PROS1 in broilers’ abdominal fat between a high abdominal fat ratio and a low abdominal fat ratio ( Figure 1 B).…”

“…In fact, the most obvious feature of PROS1 is its TAM receptor-independent anticoagulation [ 17 , 18 ]. In our previous study, PRSO1 was upregulated in abdominal fat tissues from the individuals with low-abdominal fat rates [ 15 ], implying its potential role in chicken lipid metabolism. However, no studies on chicken PROS1 have been reported.…”

“…Similarly, PROS1 was reduced during preadipocyte differentiation, which again suggests a potential regulatory role of PROS1 in adipogenesis., Adipocytes are a major source of free fatty acids in mammals, but the liver is the main site for de novo lipogenesis in avian animals [ 21 , 22 ]. However, adipocytes sourced from abdominal fat may contribute more to fatty synthesis in avian than previous perceptions [ 15 , 23 , 24 ]. T cell proliferation and function could be modulated by PROS1 -dependent macrophages [ 25 ].…”

Genome-Wide Association Study Revealed the Effect of rs312715211 in ZNF652 Gene on Abdominal Fat Percentage of Chickens

“…Abdominal fat accounts for 22% of body fat, but is generally considered waste, due to its low economic value [ 1 ]. Excessive deposition of abdominal fat in broilers not only results in low feed conversion rate, fertility, and semen quality, but also affects the economy of the industry [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Currently, decreasing abdominal fat deposition is one of the objectives of broiler production.…”