Miracle Crop: The Present and Future of Soybean Production in Pakistan

Khurshid, Haris

doi:10.15406/mojbm.2017.02.00042

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Globally, soybean is an important commercial crop, and 120.48 million hectares of land are used for soybean cultivation throughout the world [26]. Nutritionally, soybean contains vitamins, minerals, fibers, and antioxidant compounds [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermotolerance effect of plant growth-promoting Bacillus cereus SA1 on soybean during heat stress

et al. 2020

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Background: Incidences of heat stress due to the changing global climate can negatively affect the growth and yield of temperature-sensitive crops such as soybean variety, Pungsannamul. Increased temperatures decrease crop productivity by affecting biochemical, physiological, molecular, and morphological factors either individually or in combination with other abiotic stresses. The application of plant growth-promoting endophytic bacteria (PGPEB) offers an ecofriendly approach for improving agriculture crop production and counteracting the negative effects of heat stress. Results: We isolated, screened and identified thermotolerant B. cereus SA1 as a bacterium that could produce biologically active metabolites, such as gibberellin, indole-3-acetic acid, and organic acids. SA1 inoculation improved the biomass, chlorophyll content, and chlorophyll fluorescence of soybean plants under normal and heat stress conditions for 5 and 10 days. Heat stress increased abscisic acid (ABA) and reduced salicylic acid (SA); however, SA1 inoculation markedly reduced ABA and increased SA. Antioxidant analysis results showed that SA1 increased the ascorbic acid peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione contents in soybean plants. In addition, heat stress markedly decreased amino acid contents; however, they were increased with SA1 inoculation. Heat stress for 5 days increased heat shock protein (HSP) expression, and a decrease in GmHSP expression was observed after 10 days; however, SA1 inoculation augmented the heat stress response and increased HSP expression. The stress-responsive GmLAX3 and GmAKT2 were overexpressed in SA1-inoculated plants and may be associated with decreased reactive oxygen species generation, altered auxin and ABA stimuli, and enhanced potassium gradients, which are critical in plants under heat stress. Conclusion: The current findings suggest that B. cereus SA1 could be used as a thermotolerant bacterium for the mitigation of heat stress damage in soybean plants and could be commercialized as a biofertilizer only in case found non-pathogenic.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermotolerance effect of plant growth-promoting Bacillus cereus SA1 on soybean during heat stress

et al. 2020

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“…Soybean, like other legumes, has the ability to fix nitrogen from the air; thus, useful for crop rotation [ 2 ]. It is the most economical source of edible oil (18–22%) and rich in protein contents (~40%) [ 3 ]. It is the only source of vegetable oil that contains complete protein [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of horse purslane (Trianthema portulacastrum L.) infestation on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] productivity in northern irrigated plains of Pakistan

Mubeen

Shehzad²,

Sarwar

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Horse purslane (Trianthema portulacstrum L.) is an important weed of soybean crop capable of causing significant yield reduction. Therefore, this study assessed the impact of horse purslane and other weeds’ infestation on the productivity of soybean. Ten treatments, i.e., weed-free throughout the growing season, horse purslane-free till 20, 40 and 60 days after emergence (DAE), all weeds-free till 20, 40 and 60 DAE, weedy-check (excluding horse purslane), weedy-check (horse purslane alone) and weedy-check (all weeds) were included in the study. Data relating to density and dry weight of recorded weed species, and yield and related traits of soybean were recorded. Overall, infestation percentage of horse purslane was 33.10 and 51%, whereas dry weight was 12 and 44 g m-2 during 1st and 2nd year, respectively. The highest dry weight of all weed species was recorded at 45 DAE in weedy-check all weeds treatment during both years. The lowest relative density and frequency of horse purslane were recorded in the treatment where it was controlled until 20 DAE during 2018 at 30 DAE, whereas the same treatment recoded the lowest density of horse purslane at 45 DAE during 2019. The relative frequency of horse purslane was non-significant for weedy-check horse purslane and weedy-check all weeds treatments during 2018, whereas former treatment had higher relative frequency of horse purslane in weedy-check all weeds than the later during 2019. Yield and related traits significantly differed among different treatments used in the study. The treatment all weeds controlled until 40 DAE recorded higher number of pods per plant, 1000-seed weight and seed yield during both years. The yield reduction in weedy-check treatments was; weedy-check all weeds > weedy-check all weeds except horse purslane > weedy-check horse purslane only. It is concluded that horse purslane was not the sole weed interfering soybean fields and weed flora consisted of false amaranth [Digera muricata (L.) Mart.] and purple nut sedge (Cyperus rotundus L.). Hence, if the soybean fields in northern irrigated plains of Pakistan are infested with horse purslane or heavily infested with horse purslane or other weeds, these should be controlled in initial 40 DAE to improve soybean productivity.

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“…Soybean seeds were released commercially in Pakistan in the 1970s along with sunflower and safflower (Khurshid et al, 2017). Soybean cultivation is over a vast range of agro-ecological zones including rain-fed land.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Lack of genetic breeding work on soybean has not popularized soybean among the farmers despite suitable soil and climatic conditions of Pakistan (Arshad et al, 2006). From the late 1990s to 2002, soybean cultivation area in the country increased to more than 6,000 hectares; however, the area under cultivation decreased in the recent years (Khurshid et al, 2017). Reports showed that Pakistan imported 2.2 million tons of oilseeds in year 2019 (USDA, 2020).…”

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confidence: 99%

Analysis of Genetic Variations in Soybean using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Markers

Malik¹,

Khan²

2021

SJA

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S oybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) belongs to family Leguminoseae, sub-family Papilionaceae, with the genome size of 1.1 kb (Newell and Hymowitz, 1983). Soybean had originated in North and Central China and emerged as domestic crop in 11 th century B.C. in the eastern half of Northern China; migrated to Southern China, Korea, Japan and South-East Asia probably between 11 th to 13 th centuries B.C (Hymowitz, 1970). In both South and North hemisphere geographical locations, soybean has wide range of latitudinal adaptation, thus reflecting subsequent breeding history and a very complex domestication origin (Carter et al., 2004). The soybeans can germinate on well-drained soils Abstract | Soybean is nutritionally rich source of proteins and fats. It is grown in many countries of world including US, China, Brazil and India. Pakistan grows soybean on a very limited land owing to lack of farmers interest and government attention. Soybean lines; B24G14, B23G5, B20G16, B21G2, B21G9, B6G23, B23G16 and B29G11 were grown for one month and analyzed for morphological and molecular variations. In order to analyze genetic variations, Single sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used. The line B20G16 showed the highest morphological growth parameters of plant height, total number of leaves, leaf width, leaf length and leaf weight, while line B29G11 revealed the lowest. The maximum plant height (128.03 cm) was found for line B20G16. A maximum number of 48 leaves with leaf width of 2.34 cm, leaf length of 3.34 cm leaf and leaf weight of 156.11 mg were recorded in line B20G16. The line B29G11 grew with the least plant height (51.01 cm), number of leaves ( 24), leaf width (1.13 cm), leaf length (2.14 cm) and leaf weight (136.67 mg). Five SSR primers (Soy satt 001, Soy satt 005, Soy satt148, Soy satt160, Soy satt171) which were previously reported to be highly polymorphic and mapped on different linkage groups, were used for analyzing genetic variations in soybean. All the primers were amplified with two different-sized alleles against each primer. Dendrogram was constructed using software SAS by Neighbor-Joining method which clustered the soybean lines into two groups. Maximum genetic dissimilarity (7) was found between line B24G14 and line B23G16. From the results of the study, it was clear that B20G16 had maximum morphological growth, while B29G11 revealed minimum growth among the tested lines, although these two lines were clustered into the same cluster interestingly. It can be concluded that line B20G16 may be further analyzed and might be useful in breeding programs.

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Miracle Crop: The Present and Future of Soybean Production in Pakistan

Cited by 20 publications

References 2 publications

Thermotolerance effect of plant growth-promoting Bacillus cereus SA1 on soybean during heat stress

Thermotolerance effect of plant growth-promoting Bacillus cereus SA1 on soybean during heat stress

The impact of horse purslane (Trianthema portulacastrum L.) infestation on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] productivity in northern irrigated plains of Pakistan

Analysis of Genetic Variations in Soybean using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Markers

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