Miscibility and Mechanical Behavior of SAN/NBR Blends

Ziquinatti, Francine; Hugen, Roberson G.; Oliveira, Cesar Messias de; Coelho, Luci Boa Nova; Pezzin, Sérgio Henrique

doi:10.1002/masy.200551134

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…A small shift to a lower temperature was seen in the high-temperature peak for the glass transition of PVC, and a small tail to higher temperature was seen in the low-temperature peak for the glass transition of NBR-L. The small shift and small tail in the two separate tan δ peaks are usually considered to be attributed to the miscibility of the component polymers at the interface [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Excluded PVC was also observed around the interface of ZnO, and the NBR-rich matrix, as shown in Figure 5 b. Thus, the small shift and small tail in the two separate tan δ peaks observed via the DMA analysis shown in Figure 1 a are not attributed to the mixing of NBR-L and PVC at the interface, but to the mixing of the component polymers in the PVC domain, although they are usually considered to be attributed to the mixing of the component polymers at the interface [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A single glass transition is seen at intermediate temperatures between those of the component polymers in miscible blends, whereas two separate glass transitions are seen in phase-separated blends. A shift in the glass transition temperature is observed in the partially miscible blends, in which the component polymers are mixed at the interface of the two phases [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ], or each component polymer exists in the phase of the partner polymers, due to the liquid–liquid phase separation in the two-phase region of the phase diagram [ 13 ]. Such a structure difference is crucial for tailoring the properties of polymer blends to practical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase-Separated Structure of NBR/PVC Blends with Different Acrylonitrile Contents Investigated Using STEM–EDS Mapping Analysis

et al. 2023

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We investigated the phase-separated structure of nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR)/polyvinyl chloride (PVC) blends with different acrylonitrile (AN) contents in the NBR, using dynamic mechanical analysis measurements and scanning-transmission-electron-microscopy (STEM)–energy-dispersive-X-ray-spectroscopy (EDS) elemental analysis. Two separate sharp tan δ peaks were observed in the blend at the lower AN content of 18.0%, whereas a broad peak was observed in the blends with the higher AN contents of 29.0 and 33.5%, due to the increase in miscibility, as expected from the decrease in the solubility parameter difference with the increasing AN content. The STEM–EDS elemental analysis for the concentration distribution showed that the NBR was mixed in the large PVC domains with a diameter of several micrometers, and the excluded PVC existed around the interface of the domain–matrix phases in the blend with the lower AN content, whereas small domains with a diameter of several tens of nanometers were dispersed in the blend with the higher AN content. The concentration difference in PVC between the PVC domain and the NBR matrix became smaller with increasing miscibility as the AN content increased although the blends contained the same PVC content of 40 wt%.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase-Separated Structure of NBR/PVC Blends with Different Acrylonitrile Contents Investigated Using STEM–EDS Mapping Analysis

et al. 2023

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“…On the other hand, two glass transitions can be seen around the glass transition temperatures of the component polymers in immiscible two-phase blends. The shift and broadness of the glass transition can be seen in various immiscible blends, such as the blend of ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM)/styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) [ 22 ], NBR/poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN) [ 23 ], poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS)/poly(phenylsulfone) (PPSU) [ 24 ], isotactic polypropylene (iPP)/poly(cis-butadiene) rubber (PcBR) [ 25 ], acrylate rubber (ACM)/hindered phenol compound, and (AO-80)/chlorinated polypropylene (CPP) [ 26 ]. The shift and broadness of the glass transition are usually explained by partial miscibility due to mixing at the interface of the two phases of the component polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial Miscibility and Concentration Distribution of Two-Phase Blends of Crosslinked NBR and PVC

et al. 2023

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We found that the blends of nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) exhibited lower critical solution temperature (LCST)-type phase behavior in which a single-phase blend tends to phase separate at elevated temperatures when the acrylonitrile content of NBR was 29.0%. The tan δ peaks, which originated from the glass transitions of the component polymers measured by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), were largely shifted and broader in the blends when the blends were melted in the two-phase region of the LCST-type phase diagram, suggesting that NBR and PVC are partially miscible in the two-phase structure. The TEM-EDS elemental mapping analysis using a dual silicon drift detector revealed that each component polymer existed in the partner polymer-rich phase, and the PVC-rich domains consisted of aggregated small PVC particles the size of several ten nanometers. The partial miscibility of the blends was explained by the lever rule for the concentration distribution in the two-phase region of the LCST-type phase diagram.

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“…A miscibilidade e a morfologia de blendas SAN/NBR em várias composições variando o teor de acrilonitrila da borracha de 33 a 45% foi estudada por Ziquinatti e colaboradores (2006) [8]. A adição de NBR resultou em um significativo aumento na resistência ao impacto, fortemente dependente da composição da blenda e do teor de AN da NBR, sendo que o melhor resultado foi alcançado para a composição SAN/NBR 50/50, usando NBR com 45% de AN [8].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Blendas SAN/NBR: influência do teor de acrilonitrila e da viscosidade da borracha nitrílica nas propriedades mecânicas

Leitzke

Pezzin

2007

Matéria (Rio J.)

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RESUMOCom o objetivo de desenvolver materiais poliméricos com elevada tenacidade, borrachas de poli(butadieno-co-acrilonitrila) (NBR), com teores de acrilonitrila (NA) variando de 32,9 a 45,7%, foram incorporadas ao poli(estireno-co-acrilonitrila) (SAN), por extrusão seguida de injeção. A adição do NBR resultou em um aumento significativo na resistência ao impacto e na deformação na ruptura, que foram fortemente influenciadas pela composição da blenda, pelo teor de acrilonitrila e pela viscosidade dos NBRs, porém, houve a diminuição da resistência à tração. Os resultados mais expressivos para resistência ao impacto (157,1 ± 3.7 J/m) foram obtidos para a blenda 70/30 (%m/m) utilizando NBR com 33,1% de acrilonitrila e viscosidade Mooney de 51 ML 1+4 (100°C), um valor cerca de 700% maior que o verificado para o SAN puro (22,4 ± 1.1 J/m). A análise da superfície de fratura por microscopia eletrônica de varredura revelou homogeneidade dos domínios elastoméricos dispersos na matriz, bem como o aparecimento de microtrincas e/ou deformação plástica para todas as blendas. O tamanho dos domínios de NBR diminui com o aumento do teor de acrilonitrila presente no NBR, enquanto a quantidade de domínios diminui com o aumento da viscosidade. ABSTRACTAiming the development of high toughness polymeric materials, poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile) rubbers (NBRs) with acrylonitrile (AN) contents varying from 32.9 to 45.7% were incorporated to poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN) by monoscrew extrusion followed by injection molding. Addition of NBR resulted in significant improvements in the impact strength and the elongation at break, that were strongly influenced by the blend composition, the AN contents and the NBR melt viscosities, but the tensile strength was slightly decreased. The best impact strength results (157.1 ± 3.7J/m) were obtained with a 70/30 (%w/w) SAN/NBR blend using NBR with 33.1% of AN and Mooney viscosity of 51 ML 1+4 (100°C), being ca. 700% higher than the values for pure SAN (22.4 ± 1.1J/m). Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) from fracture surfaces revealed homogeneously dispersed spherical elastomeric domains, and the appearance of yielding and/or crazing processes for all blends. The size of NBR domains decreased as the AN content increased, while the number of NBR domains decreased as the melt viscosity increased.

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Miscibility and Mechanical Behavior of SAN/NBR Blends

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

Phase-Separated Structure of NBR/PVC Blends with Different Acrylonitrile Contents Investigated Using STEM–EDS Mapping Analysis

Phase-Separated Structure of NBR/PVC Blends with Different Acrylonitrile Contents Investigated Using STEM–EDS Mapping Analysis

Partial Miscibility and Concentration Distribution of Two-Phase Blends of Crosslinked NBR and PVC

Blendas SAN/NBR: influência do teor de acrilonitrila e da viscosidade da borracha nitrílica nas propriedades mecânicas

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