Misinformation Policy in Sub-Saharan Africa

Abstract

Misinformation Policy in Sub-Saharan Africa is a single volume containing two research reports by eight authors examining policy towards misinformation in Sub-Saharan Africa. The volume first examines the teaching of ‘media literacy’ in state-run schools in seven Sub-Saharan African countries as of mid-2020, as relates to misinformation. It explains the limited elements of media and information literacy (MIL) that are included in the curricula in the seven countries studied and the elements of media literacy related to misinformation taught in schools in one province of South Africa since January 2020. The authors propose six fields of knowledge and skills specific to misinformation that are required in order to reduce students’ susceptibility to false and misleading claims. Identifying obstacles to the introduction and effective teaching of misinformation literacy, the authors make five recommendations for the promotion of misinformation literacy in schools, to reduce the harm misinformation causes. The second report in the volume examines changes made to laws and regulations related to ‘false information’ in eleven countries across Sub-Saharan Africa 2016-2020 from Ethiopia to South Africa. By examining the terms of such laws against what is known of misinformation types, drivers and effects, it assesses the likely effects of punitive policies and those of more positive approaches that provide accountability in political debate by promoting access to accurate information and corrective speech. In contrast to the effects described for most recent regulations relating to misinformation, the report identifies ways in which legal and regulatory frameworks can be used to promote a healthier information environment.

Analysis of the Impact of Age, Education and Gender on Individuals’ Perception of Label Efficacy for Online Content

“…Ethiopia, Cote d'Ivoire and Malawi also have laws that proscribe publishing false information [54]. Bangladesh created a law "to control the spread of online misinformation" [55] and Indonesian laws threaten jail sentences, of up to a decade, for "spreading false information or news that intentionally causes public disorder" [56].…”

Evaluation of the Factors That Impact the Perception of Online Content Trustworthiness by Income, Political Affiliation and Online Usage Time

“…Ethiopia prohibits certain types of "false accusations", while Cote d'Ivoire prohibits "'false information' that could harm the reputation of institutions" [62]. Malawi's has a law that prohibits publishing "false statements that may 'cause fear and alarm to the public or do disturb the public peace'" [62].…”