Mismo Field Experiment in the Equatorial Indian Ocean

Yoneyama, Kunio; Masumoto, Yukio; Kuroda, Yoji; Katsumata, Masaki; Mizuno, Keisuke; Takayabu, Yukari N.; Yoshizaki, Masanori; Shareef, Ali; Fujiyoshi, Yasushi; McPhaden, Michael J.; Murty, Vsn; Shirooka, Ryuichi; Yasunaga, Kazuaki; Yamada, Hiroyuki; Sato, Naoki; Ushiyama, Tomoki; Moteki, Qoosaku; Seiki, Ayako; Fujita, Mikiko; Ando, Kenji; Hase, Hiroyuki; Ueki, Iwao; Horii, Takanori; Yokoyama, Chie; Miyakawa, Tomoki

doi:10.1175/2008bams2519.1

Cited by 77 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The RHi measurements have an accuracy of ~1−2% in the tropical upper troposphere (Fujiwara et al 2003 for the satellite-based CTH and the standard deviation of the difference between the two heights is ~1.53 km. The two heights agree quite well from 26 October to 2 November and after 28 November, when the center and western side of large-scale convection passed over the vessel (Yoneyama et al 2008). From 12 UTC 31 October to 1 November, the radar echo top height was around 10−13 km, showing cirrus cloud existence, as there was no echo below these signals.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 56%

“…During the MISMO field campaign from late October to early December 2006, the research vessel Mirai sailed in the Indian Ocean, between 4.0°S−3.0°N and 78.8°E−82.2°E during 22−27 October, stayed at 0°N, 80.5°E from 28 October to 21 November, and then cruised to Singapore at 103°E (Yoneyama et al 2008). On the vessel, Vaisala RS92 radiosondes were launched regularly at 3-hourly intervals, and 15 Meteolabor Snow White chilledmirror hygrometers were launched.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We use the CTH data based on HN10 taken during the Mirai Indian Ocean cruise for the Study of the MJO-convection Onset (MISMO) field experiment (Yoneyama et al 2008). In this campaign, regular 3-hourly radiosoundings, 15 chilled-mirror hygrometer soundings, and continuous 95-GHz cloud radar measurements were conducted on the R/V Mirai.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cloud-Top Height Variability Associated with Equatorial Kelvin Waves in the Tropical Tropopause Layer during the Mirai Indian Ocean cruise for the Study of the MJO-Convection Onset (MISMO) Campaign

Suzuki

Fujiwara

Hamada

et al. 2010

SOLA

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Cloud-top height (CTH) variability in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) in association with equatorial Kelvin waves is investigated using a new CTH dataset based on MTSAT-1R geostationary satellite measurements with a statistical look-up table constructed based on CloudSat measurements. We focus on a case in the tropical Indian Ocean during October−December 2006, when shipboard radiosonde, TTL water vapor, and 95-GHz cloud radar measurements were taken during the Mirai Indian Ocean cruise for the Study of the MJO-convection Onset (MISMO) field campaign. At 10−15 km, the satellite-based CTH data agree well with the radar echo top heights from shipboard radar reflectivity data. During the MISMO campaign, cloud frequency was suppressed in the warm phase of equatorial Kelvin waves propagating in the TTL. The suppressed-cloud region moves eastward to the western Pacific together with Kelvin waves. We found that changes in CTH occurrence frequency over the vessel in association with Kelvin waves are much greater than those associated with the diurnal cycle. It is expected that the phase of equatorial Kelvin waves is important for the intraseasonal variabilities of both the radiative budget of the tropical atmosphere and water vapor transport in the TTL.

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Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cloud-Top Height Variability Associated with Equatorial Kelvin Waves in the Tropical Tropopause Layer during the Mirai Indian Ocean cruise for the Study of the MJO-Convection Onset (MISMO) Campaign

Suzuki

Fujiwara

Hamada

et al. 2010

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“…The strongest easterly wind, at 700 hPa over central Sumatera in 2006, was identified in this period in the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data (not shown). As discussed by Yoneyama et al (2008) and Miura et al (2009), these strong easterly winds were associated with an easterly phase of a westward-propagating n ¼ 1 equatorial Rossby wave, where n is the number of nodes in the meridional velocity profile.…”

Section: Environmental Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Case Study of an Intense Wind Event Associated with a Mesoscale Convective System in West Sumatera during the HARIMAU2006 Campaign

Kawashima

Fujiyoshi

Ohi

et al. 2011

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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In this study, the processes responsible for an intense wind event that occurred in west Sumatera on November 19, 2006, during the first campaign of the Hydrometeorological ARay for Isv-Monsoon AUtomonitoring (HAR-IMAU) were investigated.Strong winds of 17 m s À1 and a sudden temperature drop of 5 K were observed at an X-band Doppler radar site associated with the passage of a convective system, and some houses were severely damaged. The convective system developed under an environment of strong low-level easterly vertical shear associated with the easterly region of an equatorial Rossby wave. The northern part of the convective system possessed qualitatively similar structures to midlatitude bow echoes, including the convex shape of the convective line, a descending rear-inflow jet positioned at its apex, and mesoscale vortices on both sides of the rear-inflow jet. The low-level wind behind the convective system formed a channel of strong easterly wind as it passed through an area of relatively low topography in the mountain range. The enhanced easterly wind was thought to contribute to the formation of the bow echo-like structure in the northern part of the convective system. This easterly rear-inflow jet was further accelerated in the convective system and descended near the leading edge, forming divergent strong winds at the surface.The sounding data that were taken after the passage of the convective system indicated that dry air appeared in the lower troposphere associated with an enhancement of the southerly component of the wind. An analysis of objective reanalysis data suggests that the southerly was probably associated with westward-propagating mixed Rossby-gravity waves with a period of approximately 5 days. It is suggested that the dry air intruded into the convective system across the back edge of the precipitation area and caused enhanced evaporative cooling, which resulted in the e¤ective downward transport of the enhanced easterly momentum.

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“…The data from the two radars deployed for MISMO (Yoneyama et al 2008) are examined. One was the Cband Doppler radar on board the research vessel (R/V) Mirai deployed at (0°, 80.5°E) (hereafter Mirai CDR), while the other was the X-band Doppler radar installed at Gan Island, Maldives, at (0.7°S, 73.2°E) (hereafter Gan XDR).…”

Section: Datasetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Use of TRMM/PR and Disdrometer Data to Correct Reflectivity of Ground-Based Radars

Katsumata

Ushiyama

Yoneyama

et al. 2008

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A procedure to correct the reflectivity data from multiple radars is proposed. The TRMM/PR (Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission satellite/Precipitation Radar) is used as the standard calibrator. The data from a disdrometer is also used to account for the effects of rain attenuation at short wavelengths. The procedure is evaluated in the case of oceanic rain observed in MISMO (Mirai Indian Ocean cruise for the Study of the MJO-convection Onset), in which two radars were deployed; a C-band shipborne radar and an X-band ground-based radar.On the C-band radar, the traditional corrections for the factors such as rain attenuation, second-trip echos, shadows by obstacles, and noise, result in reflectivity data which closely matches that of the TRMM/PR. For the X-band radar, iterative matching to the TRMM/PR worked effectively to correct the reflectivity, with the aid of the disdrometer data to reflect the attenuation by the rain in the vicinity of the radar. The corrected reflectivity from both radars well matches that of TRMM/PR with negligible biases and reduced deviations.

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Mismo Field Experiment in the Equatorial Indian Ocean

Cited by 77 publications

References 45 publications

Cloud-Top Height Variability Associated with Equatorial Kelvin Waves in the Tropical Tropopause Layer during the Mirai Indian Ocean cruise for the Study of the MJO-Convection Onset (MISMO) Campaign

Cloud-Top Height Variability Associated with Equatorial Kelvin Waves in the Tropical Tropopause Layer during the Mirai Indian Ocean cruise for the Study of the MJO-Convection Onset (MISMO) Campaign

Case Study of an Intense Wind Event Associated with a Mesoscale Convective System in West Sumatera during the HARIMAU2006 Campaign

Combined Use of TRMM/PR and Disdrometer Data to Correct Reflectivity of Ground-Based Radars

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