Misoprostol provides a colonic mucosal protective effect during acetic acid-induced colitis in rats

New Ulcerative Colitis Model Induced by Sulfhydryl Blockers in Rats and the Effects of Antiinflammatory Drugs on the Colitis.

“…This indicates that the mucosa was sufficiently stimulated even in the presence of PGE2. In addition, prostaglandins have been reported to protect the colonic mucosa in ulcer models utilizing ethanol (20), trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (41) and acetic acid (42). These results suggest that prostaglandins as well as endogenous SH compounds play an important role in the protection of colonic mu cosa as well as gastric mucosa and that a decrease in these substances may cause ulceration of the mucosa.…”

Exacerbation of inflammation-associated colonic injury in rat through inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2.

“…There is a strong body of evidence to suggest that prostaglandins do exert antiinflammatory and mucosal protective effects in experimental colitis. For example, exogenous prostaglandins can reduce the severity of colitis in the TNBS model and in other models of colitis (20,41,42). Prostaglandins are capable of reducing the production of reactive oxygen metabolites (43) and a number of inflammatory mediators suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of human IBD and experimental colitis, including leukotriene B 4 and TNF␣ (44,45).…”

Impaired mucosal defense to acute colonic injury in mice lacking cyclooxygenase-1 or cyclooxygenase-2

“…Clinical observations (twice weekly) included evaluation of body weight, diarrhea, occult blood in the stools (Hemoccult testing; SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA), and perianal inflammation. Mice were killed at 4 different ages (4,8,12, and 16 weeks). Blinded gross observations and coded histology scores were performed on the colon, cecum, distal ileum, proximal jejunum, and stomach (glandular and squamous regions).…”