Mistakes, Overconfidence, and the Effect of Sharing on Detecting Lies

Serra-García, Marta; Gneezy, Uri

doi:10.1257/aer.20191295

Cited by 33 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Furthermore, in our experiments, people are able to control the accuracy of the information they have. Overall speaking, our results support the view that people share inaccurate information not because people do not have preferences for sharing accurate information ( Van Bavel and Pereira, 2018 ), nor because people have difficulty judging the accuracy of information ( Serra-Garcia and Gneezy, 2021 ), but rather a failure to let information accuracy guide sharing decisions ( Altay et al, 2022 ). This view logically confirms the effectiveness of the currently advocated nudge strategy to suppress misinformation sharing by guiding people to consider the accuracy of the information they obtain ( Pennycook et al, 2021 ; Roozenbeek et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…One alternative explanation is that people’s ability to judge the accuracy of information is insufficient. Serra-Garcia and Gneezy (2021) find that people have difficulty judging uncertainty in information, but they are overconfident in their ability to judge the accuracy of information, so that when people are motivated to share accurate information, this information may instead be inaccurate. Yet more researches consider that most people are able to correctly assess the accuracy of information ( Bago et al, 2020 ; Pennycook et al, 2020 , 2021 ; Pennycook and Rand, 2021 ).…”

Section: Theoretical Background and Hypotheses Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Who Will Help to Strive Against the “Infodemic”? Reciprocity Norms Enforce the Information Sharing Accuracy of the Individuals

Xiao

2022

Front. Psychol.

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In recent years, misinformation sharing has become the focus of public debate and academic research. We aim to explore whether individuals prefer to share accurate information or not, and discover what factors increase people’s preferences for sharing accurate information. Combining behavioral economics experiments and psychology experiments, we construct “an information search—information sharing—information feedback experiment” to examine individuals’ behavior of sharing accurate information and its influencing factors. A total of 210 students are recruited for the laboratory experiment. Our results show that when individuals can control the accuracy of the information they obtain through their efforts, they are more willing to share accurate information with others. We also find that positive feedback from information receivers can promote the accuracy of information shared by individuals, and this effect works through reciprocity norms. Individuals with higher reciprocity are more willing to share accurate information, especially in the treatment with the role of reciprocity norms enhanced by feedback. These findings indicate that individuals who are willing to obtain accurate information prefer to share information, and information feedback can enhance this preference through reciprocity norms. This study captures individuals’ behavior and preference characteristics with regard to the accuracy of the information they share in the era of highly developed network interaction.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Theoretical Background and Hypotheses Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who Will Help to Strive Against the “Infodemic”? Reciprocity Norms Enforce the Information Sharing Accuracy of the Individuals

Xiao

2022

Front. Psychol.

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“…Also, ref. 10 shows that people are poor at distinguishing what is true and false but become more confident in false messages if shared by others. In light of these findings, we step back from particular specifications of sender intentions and receiver updating rules and focus directly on the problem of how platforms can increase message fidelity.…”

Section: Some Background Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning through the grapevine and the impact of the breadth and depth of social networks

Jackson

Malladi

McAdams

2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We study how communication platforms can improve social learning without censoring or fact-checking messages, when they have members who deliberately and/or inadvertently distort information. Message fidelity depends on social network depth (how many times information can be relayed) and breadth (the number of others with whom a typical user shares information). We characterize how the expected number of true minus false messages depends on breadth and depth of the network and the noise structure. Message fidelity can be improved by capping depth or, if that is not possible, limiting breadth, e.g., by capping the number of people to whom someone can forward a given message. Although caps reduce total communication, they increase the fraction of received messages that have traveled shorter distances and have had less opportunity to be altered, thereby increasing the signal-to-noise ratio.

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“…Top executive hubris (or overconfidence) is defined as a subjective overestimation of ability, knowledge or future performance (Hayward et al. , 2006; Malmendier and Tate, 2005; Serra-Garcia and Gneezy, 2021). The distorted expectations paradigm regards both as indicative of judgment bias and as predictive of decision error.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring an inverted U-shaped relationship between top management team task-related faultlines and top executive hubris

Qing

Lou

2022

LODJ

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PurposeTop executive hubris is associated with positive/negative outcome. Little is known about the antecedent of hubris in top management team (TMT) and how they can be weakened to capitalize on TMT size and market complexity. This paper aims to address these issues.Design/methodology/approachThis study draws on the social information processing theory. Subsequently, it proposes and tests an inverted U-shaped relationship between task-related faultlines and top executive hubris. Top management team size and complexity can weaken the relationship between them. Panel data were collected longitudinally from 2011 to 2016 on China's listed firm on growth enterprises board.FindingsHierarchical regression analyses indicate that medium task-related faultlines experience stronger than weak and strong faultlines. TMT size and market complexity can weaken the inverted U-shaped relationship between them.Originality/valueThis study provides pioneering evidence for an inverted U-shaped relationship between task-related faultlines and top executive hubris. These findings inform practice by suggesting a tipping point of team faultlines.

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Mistakes, Overconfidence, and the Effect of Sharing on Detecting Lies

Cited by 33 publications

References 51 publications

Who Will Help to Strive Against the “Infodemic”? Reciprocity Norms Enforce the Information Sharing Accuracy of the Individuals

Who Will Help to Strive Against the “Infodemic”? Reciprocity Norms Enforce the Information Sharing Accuracy of the Individuals

Learning through the grapevine and the impact of the breadth and depth of social networks

Exploring an inverted U-shaped relationship between top management team task-related faultlines and top executive hubris

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