Mistletoe infection in an urban forest in Mexico City

Díaz-Limón, Martha P.; Cano‐Santana, Zenón; Queijeiro-Bolaños, Mónica E.

doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2016.04.004

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This pattern, which is similar to other main cities in the region (Manaus and Belém), may result from the planting of exotic species, as suggested for other localities (Gairola et al 2013;Diáz-Limón et al 2016), together with the lack of adequate management. In this regard, the main objective of this study was to describe the pattern of infestation of urban trees by mistletoes in Santarém, and to evaluate one of the mechanisms that determine this pattern -the compatibility between mistletoes and host.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Observational and experimental evaluation of hemiparasite resistance in trees in the urban afforestation of Santarém, Pará, Brazil

Silva

Fadini

2017

Acta Amaz.

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One of the problems affecting the quality of urban trees is their infestation by mistletoes (aerial hemiparasite plants of the order Santalales). Identification of the main types of trees infested, and of the causes of infestation patterns, can help infestation control and the planning of efficient planting regimes. In this sense, the aim of this study was to evaluate the patterns of hemiparasite infestation in trees in an Amazonian urban environment. We aimed to answer (1) which species of mistletoes occur on urban trees in the city of Santarém, in the Brazilian Amazon; (2) what is the proportion and intensity of infestation on infected trees; and (3) if differences in infestation rates among tree species can be explained by mistletoe-tree compatibility. We assessed mistletoe incidence and intensity of infestation on trees in the main avenues of the city. To evaluate the role of mistletoe-tree compatibility in the observed parasitism patterns, we carried out a seed inoculation experiment with seeds of the most abundant mistletoe, Passovia theloneura. Seeds were planted on three tree species (Andira inermis, Handroanthus serratifolius, and Mangifera indica). The overall infestation rate was 19.3%, with exotic tree species more infested than natives. The experiment showed that incompatibility between P. theloneura and the native H. serratifolius is primarily responsible for the observed non-infestation. Mistletoes germinated on A. inermis grew better than those on M. indica, contrary to the infestation prevalence found in the field, suggesting that patterns of infestation are also influenced by seed deposition processes. KEYWORDS: Loranthaceae, mistletoe, tree parasites, urban silvicultureAvaliação observacional e experimental da resistência a hemiparasitas em árvores da arborização urbana de Santarém, Pará, Brasil RESUMO Um dos problemas que afetam a qualidade das árvores urbanas é sua infestação por ervas-de-passarinho (hemiparasitas aéreas da ordem Santalales). Identificação das principais espécies de árvores infestadas e das causas da infestação pode ajudar a controlar as ervas-de-passarinho e orientar o plantio de novas espécies de árvores. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o padrão de infestação de hemiparasitas em árvores em um ambiente urbano da Amazônia. Nós buscamos responder: (1) quais espécies de ervas-de-passarinho ocorrem nas árvores urbanas da cidade de Santarém, na Amazônia Brasileira, (2) qual é a proporção e intensidade de infestação nas árvores afetadas e (3) se diferenças nas taxas de infestação entre as espécies de árvores podem ser explicadas pela compatibilidade entre ervas-de-passarinho e hospedeiro. Nós amostramos árvores nas principais avenidas da cidade. Para avaliar o papel da compatibilidade entre a erva-de-passarinho e o hospedeiro nos padrões de parasitismo observados, conduzimos um experimento de inoculação de sementes com a erva-de-passarinho mais abundante, Passovia theloneura. Sementes foram plantadas em três espécies de hospedeiros (Andira inermis, Hand...

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Observational and experimental evaluation of hemiparasite resistance in trees in the urban afforestation of Santarém, Pará, Brazil

Silva

Fadini

2017

Acta Amaz.

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“…Although the infection in the majority of trees was not severe (classes 1 or 2), 69% of the E. fibrosa and 75% of the E. moluccana were infected, and this increased to nearly 100% for the biggest trees ( Figure 5). This is clearly higher than reported infection rates for other eucalypt forests in Australia [58][59][60][61][62] or for mistletoe infections outside Australia [50,[63][64][65][66]. The reason for this high infection rate cannot be identified from this study, as it is often a complex interaction of environmental factors [62,67], as well as consequence of forest management, fire regimes and natural growth cycles of mistletoe [60,68].…”

Section: Extent Of Mistletoe Infectioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Can UAV-Based Infrared Thermography Be Used to Study Plant-Parasite Interactions between Mistletoe and Eucalypt Trees?

et al. 2018

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Some of the remnants of the Cumberland Plain woodland, an endangered dry sclerophyllous forest type of New South Wales, Australia, host large populations of mistletoe. In this study, the extent of mistletoe infection was investigated based on a forest inventory. We found that the mistletoe infection rate was relatively high, with 69% of the Eucalyptus fibrosa and 75% of the E. moluccana trees being infected. Next, to study the potential consequences of the infection for the trees, canopy temperatures of mistletoe plants and of infected and uninfected trees were analyzed using thermal imagery acquired during 10 flights with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in two consecutive summer seasons. Throughout all flight campaigns, mistletoe canopy temperature was 0.3–2 K lower than the temperature of the eucalypt canopy it was growing in, suggesting higher transpiration rates. Differences in canopy temperature between infected eucalypt foliage and mistletoe were particularly large when incoming radiation peaked. In these conditions, eucalypt foliage from infected trees also had significantly higher canopy temperatures (and likely lower transpiration rates) compared to that of uninfected trees of the same species. The study demonstrates the potential of using UAV-based infrared thermography for studying plant-water relations of mistletoe and its hosts.

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“…Modeling the spatial distribution of true mistletoe (Santalales: Loranthaceae) in the green areas of Tlalpan, Mexico Delegation INTRODUCCIÓN Los bosques urbanos son pulmones importantes para los entornos urbanizados, por lo tanto, su estudio y conservación son necesarios. En comparación con los árboles de áreas naturales, los árboles urbanos se desarrollan en condiciones más estresantes, lo que puede hacerlos más susceptibles a las infecciones por parásitos como el muérdago (Díaz et al 2016). La presencia de las áreas verdes urbanas son importantes dentro de las ciudades ya que brindan muchos servicios ecosistémicos, incluyendo la captura de dióxido de carbono, mejor calidad del aire, reducción del ruido, la contaminación y un refugio para la fauna silvestre (Cantón et al 2003).…”

Section: Modelación De La Distribución Espacial Del Muérdago (Santalaunclassified

Modelación de la distribución espacial del muérdago (Santalales: Loranthaceae) en las áreas verdes de la delegación Tlalpan, México

et al. 2019

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The objective of the present investigation was to model the spatial distribution of true mistletoe (Cladocolea loniceroides, Santalales: Loranthaceae) through the use of classical statistics, spatial statistics, geostatistics and generate maps showing the aggregations of this organism in the green areas of Tlalpan Delegation, Mexico City. A total of 40 sampling sites were evaluated, of which 12 presented mistletoe. With the use of Geostatistics, the spatial pattern of the mistletoe was modeled, experimental semivariograms were obtained and maps of aggregation of this pest and infested surface were generated. The results generated with the Spatial and Geostatistics presented an aggregate spatial structure. In contrast, the use of classical statistics did not yield congruent results and the spatial distribution of mistletoe could not be modeled with this method. The species of tree, surface of cups and general state of hosts, as well as plantation designs, seem to play an important role in the autocorrelation of the mistletoe-tree; with the distribution maps, the most infested areas could be determined and the different points of aggregation could be observed. The obtained information will allow better planning in the selection of the species to be planted, improving tree densities and coordinating management plans directed at the areas most affected by these pathogenic organisms. RESUMENEl muérdago (Cladocolea loniceroides, Santales: Loranthaceae) es una planta hemiparásita que al impregnarse en el tallo de su hospedero, compite con él por agua y nutrimentos e impiden su desarrollo. Modelar la distribución espacial del muérdago en parques urbanos permite establecer mejores estrategias de control de esta hemiparásita. Por ello se hace uso de la estadística clásica, estadística espacial y geoestadística para generar mapas que muestren los diferentes focos de agregación de este organismo parásito en las áreas verdes de la Delegación Tlalpan, Ciudad de México. Se evaluaron 40 sitios de muestreo de los cuales 12 presentaron muérdago. Se modeló el patrón espacial del muérdago mediante geoestadística, se obtuvieron semivariogramas experimentales y se generaron mapas de agregación de esta plaga y superficie infestada. Los resultados generados con estadística espacial y geoestadística presentaron una estructura espacial agregada. Por el contrario, el uso de la estadística clásica no arrojó resultados congruentes y no se pudo modelar con este método la distribución espacial del muérdago. La especie de árbol, superficie de las copas y estado general de los hospederos, parecen jugar un papel importante en la auto correlación del muérdago-árbol; con los mapas se pudieron determinar las áreas mayormente infestadas y observar los diferentes puntos de agregación. La información obtenida permitirá mejores planeaciones en la selección de las especies a plantar, mejorar las densidades arbóreas y coordinar planes de manejo dirigidos sobre las áreas mayormente afectadas por estos organismos patógenos.Palabras clave: geoestadística, mu...

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Mistletoe infection in an urban forest in Mexico City

Cited by 24 publications

References 31 publications

Observational and experimental evaluation of hemiparasite resistance in trees in the urban afforestation of Santarém, Pará, Brazil

Observational and experimental evaluation of hemiparasite resistance in trees in the urban afforestation of Santarém, Pará, Brazil

Can UAV-Based Infrared Thermography Be Used to Study Plant-Parasite Interactions between Mistletoe and Eucalypt Trees?

Modelación de la distribución espacial del muérdago (Santalales: Loranthaceae) en las áreas verdes de la delegación Tlalpan, México

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