Mite Pests of Date Palms

Negm, Mohamed W.; Moraes, Gilberto José de; Perring, Thomas M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-24397-9_12

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…T. urticae is an extreme generalist that has been documented on more than 100 plant families ( Grbić et al, 2011 ). In contrast, O. pratensis is a specialist on plants in the Poaceae, though it has been reported on a few non-grass hosts including date palm (which is also a monocot) ( Ward et al, 1972 ; Foster et al, 1977 ; Chandler et al, 1979 ; Holtzer et al, 1984 ; Archer and Bynum, 1993 ; Bynum et al, 2015 ; Negm et al, 2015 ). As cell-content feeders, spider mites belong to a different feeding guild than the best studied insect herbivores ( Bensoussan et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalist and Specialist Mite Herbivores Induce Similar Defense Responses in Maize and Barley but Differ in Susceptibility to Benzoxazinoids

et al. 2018

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While substantial progress has been made in understanding defense responses of cereals to insect herbivores, comparatively little is known about responses to feeding by spider mites. Nevertheless, several spider mite species, including the generalist Tetranychus urticae and the grass specialist Oligonychus pratensis, cause damage on cereals such as maize and wheat, especially during drought stress. To understand defense responses of cereals to spider mites, we characterized the transcriptomic responses of maize and barley to herbivory by both mite species, and included a wounding control against which modulation of defenses could be tested. T. urticae and O. pratensis induced highly correlated changes in gene expression on both maize and barley. Within 2 h, hundreds of genes were upregulated, and thousands of genes were up- or downregulated after 24 h. In general, expression changes were similar to those induced by wounding, including for genes associated with jasmonic acid biosynthesis and signaling. Many genes encoding proteins involved in direct defenses, or those required for herbivore-induced plant volatiles, were strongly upregulated in response to mite herbivory. Further, biosynthesis genes for benzoxazinoids, which are specialized compounds of Poaceae with known roles in deterring insect herbivores, were induced in maize. Compared to chewing insects, spider mites are cell content feeders and cause grossly different patterns of tissue damage. Nonetheless, the gene expression responses of maize to both mite herbivores, including for phytohormone signaling pathways and for the synthesis of the benzoxazinoid 2-hydroxy-4,7-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one glucoside, a known defensive metabolite against caterpillars, resembled those reported for a generalist chewing insect, Spodoptera exigua. On maize plants harboring mutations in several benzoxazinoid biosynthesis genes, T. urticae performance dramatically increased compared to wild-type plants. In contrast, no difference in performance was observed between mutant and wild-type plants for the specialist O. pratensis. Collectively, our data provide little evidence that maize and barley defense responses differentiate herbivory between T. urticae and O. pratensis. Further, our work suggests that the likely route to specialization for O. pratensis involved the evolution of a robust mechanism to cope with the benzoxazinoid defenses of its cereal hosts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalist and Specialist Mite Herbivores Induce Similar Defense Responses in Maize and Barley but Differ in Susceptibility to Benzoxazinoids

et al. 2018

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“…In addition, the expenditure on purchasing acaricides, labor cost for control operations increase the cost of production, which eventually results in negative impact on growers' returns (Elwan, 2000;Blumberg, 2008;Yousef & Mahmoud, 2013). ing colonies away from predators and unfavorable environmental conditions (Negm et al, 2015). The date palm dust mite prefers hot dry weather and generation time may be two weeks depending on the prevailing temperature and accordingly, 10 generations of mite may be produced annually.…”

Section: Distribution Host Range and Economic Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This phenomenon might be explained by the arrival of air-borne mites and their limited mobility after the initial establishment of the colony. Infestation by the dust mite become severe in date palm trees grown adjacent to dusty roadways and the margins of the orchards (Negm et al, 2015). The population dynamics of date dust mite in date palm groves are affected by weather, chemistry of date fruits, cultural practices adopted on farm, predators, and chemical treatment for mites and for other date palm pests (Ben Chaaban et al, 2012).…”

Section: Symptoms and Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The high rate of multiplication of this species may exceed the potential of native predators; nevertheless, the preservation and encouragement of these indigenous predators may give promising results. This strategy may seem better than introduction of exotic predators that may not be able to adapt well to the harsh summer conditions that coincide with the peak population of the dust mites (Negm et al, 2015). Potential predators for biological control of date dust mite include the predatory phytoseiid mites, Phytoseiulus persimilis and Neoseiulus californicus which are commercially available.…”

Section: Biological Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathogen Population Biology Research can Reduce International Threats to Tree Health Posed by Invasive Fungi

King¹

2019

outlook pest man

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Fungi -Kevin M. King describes the nature of the threat of invasive pathogens with examples from three major tree diseases 10 Regulatory News -new registrations, environmental effects and withdrawals 13 An Upsurge of the Old World Date Mite (Oligonychus afrasiaticus) in Date Palm Plantations: Possible Causes and Management Options -Hamadttu A. F. El-Shafie this article investigates the reasons behind the upsurge of dust mite populations and the possible available options for its management in date palm groves 18 Impress: Improving Exposure Assessment Methodologies for Epidemiological Studies on Pesticides

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Mutual interference between adult females of Galendromus flumenis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) feeding on eggs of Banks grass mite decreases predation efficiency and increases emigration rate

2017

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The Banks grass mite, Oligonychus pratensis (Banks) (Acari: Tetranychidae) causes significant damage to dates in California (USA), if not controlled. Studies are underway to develop biological control strategies against this pest in dates using the predatory mite Galendromus flumenis (Chant) (Acari: Phytoseiidae). In California date gardens, this predator is found in low numbers that are insufficient for the economic suppression of Banks grass mites, and our research aims to understand why it fails to keep up with prey densities. The hypothesis that prey density and predator interference interactively determine the predation efficiency of G. flumenis was tested. In addition, the effect of arena size and prey and predator density manipulations on the emigration rate of the predator was investigated. Our results indicate that the per capita predation rate of G. flumenis decreases steeply with increasing predator density due to mutual interference. Analysis of emigration data considering the arena size and predator numbers showed that the emigration rate of G. flumenis was higher from small arenas, and increased with increasing predator numbers. When emigration data were analyzed using prey and predator densities as independent variables, only the effect of predator density was significant, suggesting that higher predator density increases the emigration rate of G. flumenis. These results contribute to our understanding of the predator-prey interactions, and help in designing strategies for more efficient augmentative releases of G. flumenis.

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Mite Pests of Date Palms

Cited by 8 publications

References 96 publications

Generalist and Specialist Mite Herbivores Induce Similar Defense Responses in Maize and Barley but Differ in Susceptibility to Benzoxazinoids

Generalist and Specialist Mite Herbivores Induce Similar Defense Responses in Maize and Barley but Differ in Susceptibility to Benzoxazinoids

Pathogen Population Biology Research can Reduce International Threats to Tree Health Posed by Invasive Fungi

Mutual interference between adult females of Galendromus flumenis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) feeding on eggs of Banks grass mite decreases predation efficiency and increases emigration rate

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