Mitigating economic risk from climate variability in rain-fed agriculture through enterprise mix diversification

Are farmers in low-rainfall cropping regions under-fertilising with nitrogen? A risk analysis

“…In a similar analysis comparing the benefits of four options for enterprise mix diversification, Kandulu et al (2012) identified in the financial risk management literature four measures for assessing potential trade-offs between expected net returns and overall variability in net returns. Like them, we propose that variance or standard deviation used alone is an insufficient measure of risk to inform an N application decision, so we used a combination of eight main indicators to quantify the expected magnitude and variability of yield and net returns from each scenario.…”

Farmer risk-aversion limits closure of yield and profit gaps: A study of nitrogen management in the southern Australian wheatbelt

“…We used a range of indicators to quantify the expected magnitude and variability of net returns from each scenario, modified from Kandulu et al (2012) and Monjardino et al (2013), and relative to farmer's risk-aversion and water-limited yield potential. These are:…”

Climate Change and Food Systems Research: Current Trends and Future Directions

“…Studies that use quantitative data tend to measure exposure and sensitivity (i.e., response) of the exposed to climate change-related stress. Studies that use vulnerability in a normative manner do not explore the concept through the metrics of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity, but rather, they focus on the risk or hazard, policy implications, or adaptation itself (Allouche, 2011;Hertel and Lobell, 2014;Kandulu et al, 2012;Trotman et al, 2009;Wahlqvist et al, 2012). Adaptive capacity, on the other hand, is often examined qualitatively.…”