Mitigating GI Risks Associated with the Use of NSAIDs: Table 1

Abstract

Such strategies may involve the choice of NSAID or the combined use of gastroprotective measures in association with NSAIDs.

A UK Registry Study of the Effectiveness of a New Over-The-Counter Chronic Pain Therapy

“…Guidelines for NSAID use recommend use for the shortest duration and lowest effective dose due to risk of adverse effects [9]. These adverse effects include gastrointestinal tract injury [10,11], kidney injury, worsening of heart failure and hypertension, increased risk of stroke, heart attack [12] and deep vein thrombosis, as well as death [10,13]. The use of poorly tolerated and ineffective medications is a major driver in direct healthcare costs [14].…”

Safety and efficacy of paracetamol and NSAIDs in osteoarthritis: which drug to recommend?

“…Randomized controlled clinical trials suggested that the appearance of severe GI side effects induced by NSAIDs are time-dependent [74] and disappears completelỹ 2 months after treatment is stopped [75]. In addition, gastrointestinal damage is dose-dependent: NSAIDs with a long half-life have greater toxicity [76].…”

“…Given the severity of these gastrointestinal side effects, knowledge of the main risk factors of NSAIDs-related gastrointestinal complications is important: age ‡ 65 years; high dose of NSAIDs; history of peptic ulcer; concomitant use of anticoagulants, aspirin, other antiplatelet agents, or corticosteroids; Helicobacter pylori infection; and alcohol and tobacco use (Table 1) [73,76,83].…”

Pain Medicine in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

“…[23] These patients have higher pain scores both when dynamic and when very still, they require more postoperative absence of pain, and furthermore have a high danger of extreme, intense, postoperative torment and of it turning out to be chronic. [24,25,26] They should be given their typical portion to meet their constant requirement for absense of pain, in addition to extra dosages to treat their intense torment. A multidisciplinary way to deal with postoperative absence of pain in these cases is fundamental, and should start preoperatively.…”