Mitigation effects on thermal runaway propagation of structure-enhanced phase change material modules with flame retardant additives

Weng, Jingwen; Xiao, Changren; Ouyang, Dongxu; Yang, Xiaohua; Chen, Mingyi; Zhang, Guoqing; Yuen, Richard K.K.; Wang, Jian

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2021.122087

Cited by 72 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Prior to testing, all LIBs in the module were discharged to the cut-off voltage, and then charged to an SOC of 100% at a rate of 1/3C. As shown in Figure 2, the 30 numbered temperature measurement points were uniformly arranged on the positive and negative tabs of the busbar (temperature measurement points 1-12), the upper cover of the insulation plate (measurement points [13][14][15][16][17][18], and the center of the battery side wall (measurement points 19-24 and 25-30) to comprehensively detect the thermal field of the module. Finally, the charged module was placed in a constant temperature environment at 25 • C for 24 h to ensure that the charge state and temperature of the module were stable prior to testing.…”

Section: Ba Ery Modulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, analyses of precipitating and influencing factors have elucidated the roles played by various aspects of TR phenomena, such as the initial status of LIBs, including their state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) [3][4][5], environmental conditions like initial pressures and temperatures [6], material factors [7,8], triggering conditions [9,10], triggering modes and scales [11,12], battery types [13,14], battery arrangement [15,16], and the degree of battery aging [17]. Suppression methods have been proposed based on the development of internal components and external interventions, such as phase change materials [18], heat pipes [19], and two-phase sprays [20]. Additionally, theoretical modeling has been employed to predict TR phenomena in LIB modules [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Investigation of the Thermal Runaway Propagation Characteristics and Thermal Failure Prediction Parameters of Six-Cell Lithium-Ion Battery Modules

Gao

Wang

2023

Energies

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Efforts to meet regulations ensuring the safety of lithium-ion battery (LIB) modules in electric vehicles are currently limited in their ability to provide sufficient safe escape times in the event of thermal runaway (TR). Thermal runaway occurs when the heat generation of a battery module exceeds its heat removal capacity, leading to a rapid increase in temperature and uncontrolled heat release. To address this issue, this study focuses on evaluating the cascading thermal failure characteristics of six-cell LIB modules under an air environment in an experimental combustion chamber. Sensors are strategically placed at advantageous locations to capture changes in various characteristic parameters, including LIB temperature, module voltage, module mass, and the concentrations of venting gases in the combustion chamber. Analysis of the variations in these characteristic parameters over time aims to identify effective signals that can predict thermal failure conditions with a maximum warning time. The results demonstrate that monitoring LIB temperature provides the shortest advance warning of TR propagation within the module. However, module voltage measurements offer a warning that is approximately 2% earlier on average. On the other hand, measurements of the module mass and concentrations of venting gases in the combustion chamber allow for warnings of thermal failure that are, on average, approximately 2 min earlier than those based solely on LIB temperature. These findings can serve as guidance for improving the safety of LIBs, enhancing the reliability of fault detection systems, and exceeding the safe escape time requirements set by current global regulations.

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Section: Ba Ery Modulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation of the Thermal Runaway Propagation Characteristics and Thermal Failure Prediction Parameters of Six-Cell Lithium-Ion Battery Modules

Gao

Wang

2023

Energies

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“…With these elevated temperatures, insulation can experience thermal breakdown, which occurs when the material is subjected to temperatures above its operation limits, leading to thermal runaway and potential catastrophic electrical failure . While state-of-the-art technology will reduce power density and power draw when temperatures get too high, thermal runaway still occurs . Another approach, commonly employed in aviation and electronics for limiting dielectric materials’ temperature exposure, is implementing a cooling system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanobrick Wall Multilayer Thin Films with High Dielectric Breakdown Strength

Iverson,

Legendre,

Chavan

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Eng. Mater.

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Current thermally conductive and electrically insulating insulation systems are struggling to meet the needs of modern electronics due to increasing heat generation and power densities. Little research has focused on creating insulation systems that excel at both dissipating heat and withstanding high voltages (i.e., have both high thermal conductivity and a high breakdown strength). Herein, a polyelectrolyte-based multilayer nanocomposite is demonstrated to be a thermally conductive high-voltage insulation. Through inclusion of both boehmite and vermiculite clay, the breakdown strength of the nanocomposite was increased by ≈115%. It was also found that this unique nanocomposite has an increase in its breakdown strength, modulus, and hydrophobicity when exposed to elevated temperatures. This readily scalable insulation exhibits a remarkable combination of breakdown strength (250 kV/ mm) and thermal conductivity (0.16 W m −1 K −1 ) for a polyelectrolyte-based nanocomposite. This dual clay insulation is a step toward meeting the needs of the next generation of high-performance insulation systems.

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“…More recently, lots of work focus on the thermal regulation for the battery module. [6], [7] For example, a novel flame-retarded PCMs composed by paraffin, expanded graphite, ammonium polyphosphate (APP), red phosphorus and epoxy resin has been proposed for battery module. [8] The results show that the fire retardant PCMs shown significant cooling and temperature balancing advantages for battery module, leading to a 44.7% reduction rate of the peak temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-based poly (glycerol-itaconic acid)/PEG/APP as form stable and flame-retardant phase change materials

Yin

Yang

Hobson

et al. 2022

Composites Communications

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Mitigation effects on thermal runaway propagation of structure-enhanced phase change material modules with flame retardant additives

Cited by 72 publications

References 46 publications

Experimental Investigation of the Thermal Runaway Propagation Characteristics and Thermal Failure Prediction Parameters of Six-Cell Lithium-Ion Battery Modules

Experimental Investigation of the Thermal Runaway Propagation Characteristics and Thermal Failure Prediction Parameters of Six-Cell Lithium-Ion Battery Modules

Nanobrick Wall Multilayer Thin Films with High Dielectric Breakdown Strength

Bio-based poly (glycerol-itaconic acid)/PEG/APP as form stable and flame-retardant phase change materials

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