Mitigation of pain during intravenous catheter placement using a topical skin coolant in the emergency department

Abstract

Our study failed to detect a difference in pain perception resulting from the pre-procedural application of a skin coolant associated with i.v. placement in the ED setting.

Pain from intramuscular vaccine injection in adults

“…There have been several efforts to reduce needleinduced pain or distress 4,5 . However, even if a uniform nociceptive stimulus is applied, individuals may complain of pain to varying degrees because pain is a subjective experience to a noxious stimulus and many individual factors contribute to pain perception.…”

The Impact of Dry Versus Moist Heat on Peripheral IV Catheter Insertion in a Hematology-Oncology Outpatient Population

“…For permission to post online, reprint, adapt, or reuse, please email pubpermissions@ons.org effects of intradermal injection of normal saline with benzyl alcohol or lidocaine in 40, 47, and 221 preoperative adults, respectively. Other researchers investigated alternative methods of analgesia for IV insertions, including topical skin coolants (Hartstein & Barry, 2008), a topical local anesthetic cream (Luhmann, Hurt, Shootman, & Kennedy, 2004) or patch (Sethna et al, 2005), and selfselected music therapy (Jacobsen, 1999), all with positive results. Svensson, Rosen, and Nilsson (2006) randomized 125 ambulatory patients to receive either local warming for one minute or no treatment prior to IV insertion and found that local warming did not have any pain-reducing effect.…”

Cryotherapeutic Topical Analgesics for Pediatric Intravenous Catheter Placement

“…Although proven effective for intramuscular injections (8), literature has been conflicting on whether vapocoolant sprays are also effective for IV catheter placement. (9–16)…”