“…Discussingtheaboveobservations,wedonotintendtocritiquepoliticalleadersnorblamethe situationonpoliticalideologies.Thispaperexploresanimportantissueininformationprocessing anddecision-making,i.e.,confirmatorybiasimpedeseffectiveandefficientriskandcontingency -19pandemic(e.g.,Bailey&Breslin,2021;Dwivedietal.,2020;Wright,2021aWright, ,2021b,such ashowwecanbetterunderstandthechallengesofCOVID-19sothatwecanenhanceinformation managementinthedigitalage(Dwivedietal.,2020),andhowtoutilizeourexperiencesince2019to developknowledgeandcontingencypreparednesstomeetglobaltragediesandnewviruspandemics inthefuture (Wright,2021a(Wright, ,2021b. Despite the research, the relationship between confirmatory bias and the fighting againstCOVID-19isstillunclear.Inotherwords,littleresearchhasbeendonetostudythe effectofconfirmatorybiasonthecontroloftheCOVID-19.Ourcurrentstudyaddresses thisresearchdeficiencyandthuscontributestoriskandcontingencymanagementresearch byhighlightingtheimportanceofavoidingconfirmatorybiasinmanagement.Theresults from our current study should be helpful for both academic researchers and managerial practitioners.…”